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October-November period least polluted in Delhi in eight years: CSE

The period from October to November was the least polluted in the last eight years in Delhi and there has been no severe smog episode during the winter season so far, according to green think tank Centre for Science and Environment. "Diwali in a warmer October, lower incidents of crop fires, pre-emptive action based on pollution forecasting, and favourable meteorological conditions including extended rainfall in October, have all contributed towards bending of the early winter pollution curve," said Anumita Roychowdhury, executive director, research and advocacy, CSE. https://www.news9live.com/state/delhi-ncr/october-november-period-least-polluted-in-delhi-in-eight-years-cse-213668

Oct-Nov period least polluted in Delhi in eight years: CSE

The period from October to November was the least polluted in the last eight years in Delhi and there has been no severe smog episode during the winter season so far, according to green think tank Centre for Science and Environment. "Diwali in a warmer October, lower incidents of crop fires, pre-emptive action based on pollution forecasting, and favourable meteorological conditions including extended rainfall in October, have all contributed towards bending of the early winter pollution curve," said Anumita Roychowdhury, executive director, research and advocacy, CSE. But there may be more spikes later as has usually been observed in previous years. Stronger pre-emptive measures and deeper round-the-year action on local sources is needed to bring down the winter pollution to satisfactory levels, she said. The CSE analysis is based on real-time data available from functional air quality monitoring stations in Delhi-NCR. There are 81 continuous ambient air quality monitoring stations (CAAQMS) spread across the region. The analysis showed that average PM2.5 levels across 37 functional CAAQMS stations in Delhi stood at 142 micrograms per cubic metre (µg/m3) for the months of October and November. This is the lowest level recorded since the city installed these stations in 2018. "If data for the 10 oldest stations (working since 2014-15) is referred to, October-November of this year remains the least polluted in comparison," the CSE said. The PM2.5 level this October-November has been 38 per cent lower as compared to October-November of 2016, which was the worst in the last eight years. Ghaziabad's October-November average PM2.5 this year is 36 per cent lower than the same period in 2020. Similarly, Greater Noida and Faridabad registered improvements of 28 per cent and 22 per cent, respectively. This is higher than Delhi's city-wide improvement of 19 per cent in the same time frame. Gurugram showed the least improvement with a mere 15 per cent change. Noida's October-November average PM2.5 this year appears to be 40 per cent lower than the same period in 2020. However, it may be noted that one of Noida's CAAQM stations is reporting uncharacteristically low values this season. This needs to be examined, the CSE said. Delhi was the most polluted major city in NCR with an October-November average of 142 µg/m3, followed by Gurugram (134 µg/m3) and Ghaziabad (131 µg/m3). The CSE analysis also showed that there has been no severe smog episode so far during this season. This makes the October-November period the first in the last five years to be smog-free. It is considered a severe smog episode when the air quality index remains in the 'severe' category for at least three consecutive days. There is usually one smog episode during October-November lasting six-ten days. During the winter of 2021, there were three smog episodes – two in November and one in December. November 2021 had recorded the longest smog episode of 10 continuous days (4-13 November). Such events have not occurred this winter. Farm fires this year were about half of the previous year. The total count of farm fires reported this year from Punjab, Haryana and Delhi in the months of October and November stood at 54,391, according to NASA's VIIRS satellite and 11,824 according to NASA's MODIS satellite. These are respectively 37 per cent and 42 per cent lower than the figures for October-November of 2021. Analysis of SAFAR data shows that this year, smoke from the farm fires contributed to PM2.5 levels in Delhi on 53 days, starting October 12 and ending on December 3. This is less than the last three years, when smoke intrusion was reported on 56 days but higher than the 2018 figure of 48 days. The highest contribution this year was 34 per cent, reported on November 3. The smoke from farm fires that covers Delhi is dependent on two major factors: number and intensity of the fires, and meteorological conditions conducive for transportation of the smoke to Delhi. This October-November, not only the number and intensity of farm stubble fires have been comparatively lower but also the meteorological conditions have been less conducive for the transport of smoke. As a result, considerably lesser smoke invaded Delhi. The CSE estimated that smoke contributed about 4.1 tonnes of PM2.5 during October-November in Delhi. This is 37 per cent lesser than the 6.4 tonnes that came last year, and also almost half of the 2020 figure. High rainfall and local wind speed helped disperse local pollution. Delhi received 115 mm of rainfall this October-November, the highest in the last five years. This helped clean up the city air, especially in October. Average wind speed for November stood at 12.4 km/hour which helped in dispersing local pollution. Average wind speed for the month in 2021 was 11 km/hour and 11.5 km/hour in 2020. PTI GVS DIV DIV

Delhi Pollution: This time in 8 years, Delhi remained the least polluted in October-November, claims in CSE report

In Delhi NCR, pollution has been low this year in the initial days of this cold season. Especially in October and November this year in Delhi, the level of pollution has been less as compared to the last eight years. Pollution in other cities of NCR is also working as compared to the last three years. This has been claimed in an analysis by CSE (Centre for Science and Environment). Yet Delhi remained the most polluted in NCR. The air quality was recorded in the good category on five days in the first two weeks of October, the highest in the last five years, according to this CSE analysis. The incidence of stubble burning has halved as compared to last year. Because of this, Delhi did not turn into a smoke chamber. Due to the rains in the month of October, the pollution decreased. There was no smog, even the air was not bad for three days According to the CSE report, in the last eight years, this time in October and November, the average level of PM-2.5 in Delhi was the lowest. This time it did not happen even once when there was smog in the atmosphere continuously for many days. There was no incident of wind staying in the severe category for three consecutive days. Pollution may increase like last year CSE Executive Director (Research and Advocacy) Anumita Rai Chowdhary said that this time the pollution level may increase in the initial days of the beginning of the winter season, but due to local reasons, the level of pollution may increase later. This happened last year also. Therefore, in order to bring the level of pollution to a satisfactory level, strictness is necessary throughout the year on local sources like smoke coming out of vehicles, industrial units, power plants, burning of garbage, sources of dust and polluting fuel used in homes. facts revealed in the analysis According to the data from 37 air quality control centers in Delhi, the average level of PM-2.5 in October-November was 142 micrograms per cubic meter, which is about 15 percent less than in the year 2018. At the same time, compared to the year 2016, this time the level of PM-2.5 was 38 percent less. Punjab, Haryana and Delhi recorded 54,391 incidents of stubble burning in October and November this year as per images captured by NASA’s VIIRS satellite and 11,824 incidents of stubble burning as per images captured by NASA’s MODIS satellite, which is the highest in the last year. In comparison, 37 percent and 42 percent are less. read this also- Delhi Air Pollution: Less talk, more concrete measures needed to prevent air pollution

Delhi-NCR Pollution: दिल्ली अक्टूबर-नवंबर पिछले 8 सालों में रहा सबसे कम प्रदूषित, CSE के निदेशक ने बताई वजह

ई दिल्ली (New Delhi) स्थित थिंक टैंक ‘सेंटर फॉर साइंस एंड एनवायरनमेंट’ (CSE) के अनुसार, इस साल अक्टूबर से नवंबर तक की अवधि दिल्ली (Delhi) में पिछले आठ वर्षों में सबसे कम प्रदूषित रही है. वहीं इस बार सर्दियों के मौसम (Weather) में अब तक कोई गंभीर स्मॉग नहीं हुआ है. सीएसई की कार्यकारी निदेशक अनुमिता रॉय चौधरी ने कहा, ‘‘गर्म अक्टूबर में दीवाली, फसल में आग लगने की घटनाओं में कमी, प्रदूषण के पूर्वानुमान के आधार पर पहले से की गयी कार्रवाई और अक्टूबर में लंबी बारिश सहित अनुकूल मौसम संबंधी परिस्थितियों, सभी ने शुरुआती सर्दियों के प्रदूषण के स्तर को कम करने में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका रही है.’’

Delhi Pollution: Smoke Intrusion from Farm Fires in Oct-Nov Lowest in Four Years, Says CSE

Not only have the number of farm fires in Punjab and Haryana this season been the lowest since 2016, the national capital also witnessed the least smoke intrusion from stubble burning during October-November in four years, according to a Centre for Science and Environment analysis. Analysis of data from SAFAR, the Union Ministry of Earth Sciences’ air quality forecasting agency, shows that smoke from farm fires contributed to PM2.5 pollution in Delhi on 53 days this year, starting October 12. The figure is lower than the previous three years when smoke intrusion was reported on 56-57 days but higher than the 2018 reading of 48 days. The highest contribution this year was 34 per cent on November 3. Last year, the share of farm fires in Delhi’s PM 2.5 pollution peaked to 48 per cent on November 7. The Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) said stubble burning-related smokefall over Delhi depended on two major factors — the number and intensity of farm fires and meteorological conditions conducive for the transportation of the smoke to the national capital.

Smoke From Farm Fires In October-November In Delhi Lowest In 4 Years: Report

Analysis of data from SAFAR, the Union Ministry of Earth Sciences' air quality forecasting agency, shows that smoke from farm fires contributed to PM2.5 pollution in Delhi on 53 days this year. New Delhi: Not only have the number of farm fires in Punjab and Haryana this season been the lowest since 2016, the national capital also witnessed the least smoke intrusion from stubble burning during October-November in four years, according to a Centre for Science and Environment analysis. Analysis of data from SAFAR, the Union Ministry of Earth Sciences' air quality forecasting agency, shows that smoke from farm fires contributed to PM2.5 pollution in Delhi on 53 days this year, starting October 12. The figure is lower than the previous three years when smoke intrusion was reported on 56-57 days but higher than the 2018 reading of 48 days. The highest contribution this year was 34 per cent on November 3. Last year, the share of farm fires in Delhi's PM 2.5 pollution peaked to 48 per cent on November 7. The Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) said stubble burning-related smokefall over Delhi depended on two major factors -- the number and intensity of farm fires and meteorological conditions conducive for the transportation of the smoke to the national capital. This October-November, not only have the quantity and intensity of farm fires been comparatively lower but also the meteorological conditions less conducive for transport of the smoke, the green think tank said. The CSE estimated that smoke from farm fires accounted for 4.1 tonnes of PM2.5 during October-November in Delhi. This is 37 per cent lower than 6.4 tonnes of PM2.5 from stubble burning last year and almost half the 2020 figure (8 tonnes). The volume this year is also significantly lower than the 2019 figure (6.4 tonnes) -- an indicator of the meteorological help Delhi got as there were fewer farm fires in 2019. According to the Indian Agriculture Research Institute, Punjab, which accounts for the maximum cases of stubble burning every year, reported just 49,922 farm fires this season (September 15 to November 30) against 71,304 last year and 83,002 in 2020. The agrarian state logged 50,738 incidents of stubble burning in 2019; 59,684 in 2018; 67,079 in 2017 and 1,02,379 in 2016. Haryana logged 3,661 farm fires this season against 6,987 in 2021 and 4,202 in 2020. The neighbouring state saw 6,364 incidents of stubble burning in 2019; 9,225 in 2018; 13,085 in 2017 and 15,686 in 2016.

Delhi Air pollution: Smoke Intrusion from Farm Fires in Oct-Nov Lowest in 4 Years, Says CSE

No longer most effective have the selection of farm fires in Punjab and Haryana this season been the bottom since 2016, the nationwide capital additionally witnessed the least smoke intrusion from stubble burning all the way through October-November in 4 years, in line with a Centre for Science and Atmosphere research. Research of knowledge from SAFAR, the Union Ministry of Earth Sciences’ air high quality forecasting company, presentations that smoke from farm fires contributed to PM2.5 air pollution in Delhi on 53 days this 12 months, beginning October 12.

Smoke From Farm Fires In October-November In Delhi Lowest In 4 Years: Report

Not solely have the variety of farm fires in Punjab and Haryana this season been the bottom since 2016, the nationwide capital additionally witnessed the least smoke intrusion from stubble burning throughout October-November in 4 years, in accordance with a Centre for Science and Setting evaluation. Evaluation of knowledge from SAFAR, the Union Ministry of Earth Sciences’ air high quality forecasting company, exhibits that smoke from farm fires contributed to PM2.5 air pollution in Delhi on 53 days this yr, beginning October 12. The determine is decrease than the earlier three years when smoke intrusion was reported on 56-57 days however increased than the 2018 studying of 48 days. The best contribution this yr was 34 per cent on November 3. Final yr, the share of farm fires in Delhi’s PM 2.5 air pollution peaked to 48 per cent on November 7. The Centre for Science and Setting (CSE) mentioned stubble burning-related smokefall over Delhi relied on two main elements — the quantity and depth of farm fires and meteorological situations conducive for the transportation of the smoke to the nationwide capital. This October-November, not solely have the amount and depth of farm fires been comparatively decrease but additionally the meteorological situations much less conducive for transport of the smoke, the inexperienced assume tank mentioned. The CSE estimated that smoke from farm fires accounted for 4.1 tonnes of PM2.5 throughout October-November in Delhi. That is 37 per cent decrease than 6.4 tonnes of PM2.5 from stubble burning final yr and virtually half the 2020 determine (8 tonnes). The amount this yr can be considerably decrease than the 2019 determine (6.4 tonnes) — an indicator of the meteorological assist Delhi acquired as there have been fewer farm fires in 2019. In keeping with the Indian Agriculture Analysis Institute, Punjab, which accounts for the utmost circumstances of stubble burning yearly, reported simply 49,922 farm fires this season (September 15 to November 30) towards 71,304 final yr and 83,002 in 2020. The agrarian state logged 50,738 incidents of stubble burning in 2019; 59,684 in 2018; 67,079 in 2017 and 1,02,379 in 2016. Haryana logged 3,661 farm fires this season towards 6,987 in 2021 and 4,202 in 2020. The neighbouring state noticed 6,364 incidents of stubble burning in 2019; 9,225 in 2018; 13,085 in 2017 and 15,686 in 2016.

Delhi Pollution: Smoke Intrusion From Farm Fires In Oct-Nov Lowest In Four Years, Says CSE

The Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) said stubble burning-related smokefall over Delhi depended on two major factors -- the number and intensity of farm fires and meteorological conditions conducive for the transportation of the smoke to the national capital. Not only have the number of farm fires in Punjab and Haryana this season been the lowest since 2016, the national capital also witnessed the least smoke intrusion from stubble burning during October-November in four years, according to a Centre for Science and Environment analysis. Analysis of data from SAFAR, the Union Ministry of Earth Sciences' air quality forecasting agency, shows that smoke from farm fires contributed to PM2.5 pollution in Delhi on 53 days this year, starting October 12. The figure is lower than the previous three years when smoke intrusion was reported on 56-57 days but higher than the 2018 reading of 48 days. The highest contribution this year was 34 per cent on November 3. Last year, the share of farm fires in Delhi's PM 2.5 pollution peaked to 48 per cent on November 7. The Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) said stubble burning-related smokefall over Delhi depended on two major factors -- the number and intensity of farm fires and meteorological conditions conducive for the transportation of the smoke to the national capital. This October-November, not only have the quantity and intensity of farm fires been comparatively lower but also the meteorological conditions less conducive for transport of the smoke, the green think tank said. The CSE estimated that smoke from farm fires accounted for 4.1 tonnes of PM2.5 during October-November in Delhi. This is 37 per cent lower than 6.4 tonnes of PM2.5 from stubble burning last year and almost half the 2020 figure (8 tonnes). The volume this year is also significantly lower than the 2019 figure (6.4 tonnes) -- an indicator of the meteorological help Delhi got as there were fewer farm fires in 2019. According to the Indian Agriculture Research Institute, Punjab, which accounts for the maximum cases of stubble burning every year, reported just 49,922 farm fires this season (September 15 to November 30) against 71,304 last year and 83,002 in 2020. The agrarian state logged 50,738 incidents of stubble burning in 2019; 59,684 in 2018; 67,079 in 2017 and 1,02,379 in 2016. Haryana logged 3,661 farm fires this season against 6,987 in 2021 and 4,202 in 2020. The neighbouring state saw 6,364 incidents of stubble burning in 2019; 9,225 in 2018; 13,085 in 2017 and 15,686 in 2016.

October-November period least polluted in Delhi in eight years, says report

The early phase of winter this year from October to November was the least polluted in Delhi in the past eight years, according to a report published by non-profit organisation Centre for Science and Environment. “Diwali falling in warmer October, lower incidents of crop fires that otherwise tips the local pollution over the dangerous levels, pre-emptive action based on pollution forecasting, and favourable meteorological conditions including extended rainfall in October, have all contributed towards bending of the early winter pollution curve,” the report said.

October-November period least polluted in Delhi in eight years, study by CSE finds

According to a study by the think tank Centre for Science and Environment, here are early signs of improvement in air quality in the first phase of this year’s winter in Delhi-NCR, says a new analysis by Centre for Science and Environment (CSE). So far, the average level of PM2.5 in this region has been the lowest in the last eight years. Also, the average level in the major cities, that are usually more polluted, has been cleaner in the last three years. The winter, so far, has not recorded any smog episode (when air quality index remains severe for at least three consecutive days or more) in contrast to prolonged episodes during the previous winter. “Diwali in a warmer October, lower incidents of crop fires that otherwise tip the local pollution over dangerous levels, pre-emptive action based on pollution forecasting, and favourable meteorological conditions including extended rainfall in October, have all contributed towards bending of the early winter pollution curve. But there may be more spikeslater as has usually been observed in previous years. Stronger pre-emptive measures and deeper round the year action on local sources is needed to bring down the winter pollution to satisfactory levels,” says Anumita Roychowdhury, executive director, research and advocacy, CSE. “This winter has started on a cleaner note with five ‘good’ AQI days in the first two weeks of October. Smog episode eventshave not been recorded so far. As per SAFAR estimates, smoke contribution from crop burning activities to Delhi’s PM2.5 level has gone down to zero as of November 4, 2022 and its overall contribution to Delhi’s PM2.5 concentration has been considerably lesser this time,” says Avikal Somvanshi, senior programme manager, Urban Lab, CSE. The objective behind the analysis has been to understand the changing patterns of winter pollution. This also helps locate the winter season within the longer-term context of seasonal variations and annual trends in particulate pollution, says Somvanshi. Explaining the methodology and data sources behind the analysis, Somvanshi says: “This is an assessment of annual and seasonal trends in PM2.5 concentrations for the period October 1 to November 30 for 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022. This analysis is based on real time data available from currently working air quality monitoring stations in Delhi-NCR. A huge volume of data points have been cleaned and data gaps have been addressed based on the USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) methodology for this analysis, which covers 81 continuous ambient air quality monitoring stations (CAAQMS) spread across Delhi-NCR.Meteorological data for the analysis is sourced from the Palam weather station of the India Meteorological Department (IMD). Fire count data is sourced from NASA’s Fire Information for Resource Management System, specifically Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). Estimates of contribution of farm stubble fire smoke to Delhi’s air quality is sourced from the Ministry of Earth Science’s System of Air Quality and Weather Forecasting and Research (SAFAR). This is the first analysis of the third edition of Urban Lab’s Air Quality Tracker Initiative which was started in 2020-21 winter to study the impact of pandemic lockdowns on Delhi’s air quality.” Early phase of 2022 winter (October-November) was the least polluted in the last eight years in Delhi: Average PM2.5 levels across 37 functional CAAQMS stations of Delhi stood at 142 µg/m3 (microgramme per cubic metre) for the months of October and November. This is lowest level recorded since the city installed these stations in 2018. If data for the 10 oldest stations (working since 2014-15) is referred to, October-November of this year remains the least polluted in comparison. PM2.5 level this October-November has been 15 per cent and 18 per cent lower compared to October-November of 2018 from a city-wide average of 37 stations and 10 oldest stations, respectively. Levels have been 38 per cent lower compared to October-November of 2016 that was the worst autumn in the last eight years. All major cities of Delhi-NCR that are more polluted than smaller towns, have recorded least levels in the last three years: Ghaziabad’s October-November average PM2.5 this year is 36 per cent lower than the same period in 2020. Similarly, Greater Noida and Faridabad registered improvement of 28 per cent and 22 per cent, respectively. This is higher than Delhi’s city-wide improvement of 19 per cent in the same time frame. Gurugram showed the least improvement with a mere 15 per cent change. Nodia’s October-November average PM2.5 this year appears to be 40 per cent lower than the same period in 2020.However, it may be noted that one of Nodia’s CAAQM stations is reporting uncharacteristically low values this season. This needs to be examined. Delhi was the most polluted major city in NCR with an October-November average of 142 µg/m3. Gurugram with 134 µg/m3 and Ghaziabad with 131 µg/m3 were the next most polluted cities in the NCR, the CSE study finds.

अक्टूबर-नवंबर में पराली जलाने से निकलने वाला धुआं चार साल में सबसे कम : सीएसई

पंजाब और हरियाणा में इस मौसम में पराली जलाने की घटनाओं की संख्या 2016 के बाद सबसे कम रही, यहां तक कि राष्ट्रीय राजधानी में अक्टूबर-नवंबर के दौरान चार वर्षों में पराली जलाने से उत्पन्न धुआं सबसे कम देखा गया। सेंटर फॉर साइंस एंड एन्वायरन्मेंट (सीएसई) के विश्लेषण में यह बात कही गई है। केंद्रीय पृथ्वी विज्ञान मंत्रालय की वायु गुणवत्ता पूर्वानुमान एजेंसी ‘सफर’ के आंकड़ों के विश्लेषण से पता चलता है कि 12 अक्टूबर से पराली जलाए जाने से उत्पन्न धुएं की वजह से प्रदूषक कणों-पीएम2.5 ने इस साल 53 दिन तक वायु प्रदूषण में योगदान दिया। यह आंकड़ा पिछले तीन वर्षों की तुलना में कम है जब 56-57 दिन तक पराली जलाने की वजह से हानिकारक धुंध होती थी, लेकिन यह 2018 के 48 दिनों के आंकड़े से अधिक है। पराली जलाए जाने से संबंधित धुएं का वायु प्रदूषण में योगदान इस साल सबसे ज्यादा तीन नवंबर को 34 फीसदी था, वहीं पिछले साल यह सात नवंबर को सर्वाधिक 48 फीसदी था। सीएसई ने कहा कि पराली जलाने से संबंधित धुएं में कमी दिल्ली में दो प्रमुख कारकों पर निर्भर करती है- पराली जलाने की घटनाओं की संख्या एवं तीव्रता तथा राष्ट्रीय राजधानी में धुएं के परिवहन के लिए अनुकूल मौसम स्थितियां। इसने कहा कि इस साल अक्टूबर-नवंबर में, न केवल पराली जलाने की घटनाओं की संख्या और तीव्रता तुलनात्मक रूप से कम रही, बल्कि धुएं के परिवहन के लिए मौसम संबंधी परिस्थितियां भी कम अनुकूल रहीं।

अक्टूबर-नवंबर में पराली जलाने से निकलने वाला धुआं चार साल में सबसे कम: सीएसई

नई दिल्ली। पंजाब और हरियाणा में इस मौसम में पराली जलाने की घटनाओं की संख्या 2016 के बाद सबसे कम रही, यहां तक कि राष्ट्रीय राजधानी में अक्टूबर-नवंबर के दौरान चार वर्षों में पराली जलाने से उत्पन्न धुआं सबसे कम देखा गया। सेंटर फॉर साइंस एंड एन्वायरन्मेंट (सीएसई) के विश्लेषण में यह बात कही गई है। ये भी पढ़ें- कांग्रेस की रामगढ़ की विधायक ममता देवी को पांच साल की सजा, विधायकी भी जाएगी केंद्रीय पृथ्वी विज्ञान मंत्रालय की वायु गुणवत्ता पूर्वानुमान एजेंसी ‘सफर’ के आंकड़ों के विश्लेषण से पता चलता है कि 12 अक्टूबर से पराली जलाए जाने से उत्पन्न धुएं की वजह से प्रदूषक कणों-पीएम2.5 ने इस साल 53 दिन तक वायु प्रदूषण में योगदान दिया। यह आंकड़ा पिछले तीन वर्षों की तुलना में कम है जब 56-57 दिन तक पराली जलाने की वजह से हानिकारक धुंध होती थी, लेकिन यह 2018 के 48 दिनों के आंकड़े से अधिक है। पराली जलाए जाने से संबंधित धुएं का वायु प्रदूषण में योगदान इस साल सबसे ज्यादा तीन नवंबर को 34 फीसदी था, वहीं पिछले साल यह सात नवंबर को सर्वाधिक 48 फीसदी था। सीएसई ने कहा कि पराली जलाने से संबंधित धुएं में कमी दिल्ली में दो प्रमुख कारकों पर निर्भर करती है- पराली जलाने की घटनाओं की संख्या एवं तीव्रता तथा राष्ट्रीय राजधानी में धुएं के परिवहन के लिए अनुकूल मौसम स्थितियां। इसने कहा कि इस साल अक्टूबर-नवंबर में, न केवल पराली जलाने की घटनाओं की संख्या और तीव्रता तुलनात्मक रूप से कम रही, बल्कि धुएं के परिवहन के लिए मौसम संबंधी परिस्थितियां भी कम अनुकूल रहीं।