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Why is the weather pattern changing? 6 year old record of severe heat broken before monsoon

This year’s summer season broke the record of 2016 as the second hottest pre-monsoon season in the country. Whereas the winter season or the later season of the monsoon season is rapidly increasing the temperature. This has been said in a new report by the Urban Lab of the Center for Science and Environment (CSE). According to the study, the ground-surface temperature in Delhi has been the highest since 2010 and the city recorded above-expected temperatures on all three temperature parameters. Why is the temperature rising In an attempt to understand the warming trend, CSE analyzed the temperature trends of surface air temperature, ground surface temperature and relative humidity (heat index). The study said that the air temperature in Delhi was 1.77 °C warmer than in 2010 and the ground surface temperature was 1.95 °C warmer than in 2010. Delhi-NCR Weather Today: Rain, giving relief from the sultry heat, one more day away from Delhiites, now there is a possibility of rain from Thursday to Saturday People were uncomfortable due to rising temperature The CSE study said that the average daily heat index crossed 40 degrees Celsius in June 2022. It said that the months of March and April were generally normal in Delhi but in May the humidity started increasing with isolated rain showers. However, this increase in humidity raised the heat index in the city, indicating that people felt uneasy due to the rise in temperature. Delhi Rain: Date on date… Why is the Meteorological Department trying to predict the rain of Delhi Highest temperature in May 2022 The CSE study said the highest ground surface temperature was recorded on 16 May 2020 when it was 53.9 degrees Celsius in the city. After this, the highest surface temperature of 51.8 degree Celsius was recorded in May 2022. The maximum ground surface temperature recorded in previous years was around 45 °C.

Pre-monsoon season this year second hottest in India; winters warming up faster: Study

While summer or pre-monsoon season this year has overtaken 2016 records as the second hottest pre-monsoon season in the country, winter and post-monsoon seasons are warming up faster, according to the latest findings by the Urban Lab of Centre for Science and Environment. According to the study, land surface temperatures in Delhi have been the highest since 2010 and that the city recorded significant positive anomaly (temperature higher than expected) on all three temperature parameters. In a bid to understand the warming trend in a comprehensive way, the study by Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) has analysed the temperature trends by covering all three dimensions of heat stress—surface air temperature, land surface temperature, and relative humidity (heat index). In Delhi, air temperature has been 1.77 degrees Celsius hotter than 2010, and the land surface temperature 1.95 degrees Celsius hotter, the study said. According to the CSE analysis, the daily average heat index crossed 40 degrees Celsius in June, 2022. It said March and April have been unusually dry in Delhi, but humidity started to rise in May with some scattered rain spells. But this spike in humidity has led to an increase in the heat index in the city, indicating increased thermal discomfort among the population. “The highest land surface temperature was observed on May 16, 2020 when 53.9 degrees Celsius was recorded within city limits, followed by May 14, 2022 with maximum land surface temperature of 51.8 degrees Celsius. In the previous years, maximum land surface temperature was observed to be in mid-40s range,” the CSE findings said. It further said during the heatwave in May, 2022, the land surface temperature across Delhi shot above 38 degrees Celsius, which was “unusual as the green pockets within the city have not heated up to this magnitude in the previous years,” and that the average land surface temperature has been getting higher than daily average air temperature. “Industrial and agricultural zone recorded highest increase in land surface temperature between March to May. The regions at the city periphery in the north, southwest, and northwest Delhi have seen the extremely high surface temperature rise from March 19 to May 14, 2022,” the study said. The study further noted that even the temperature of the water bodies rose to 29-30 degrees Celsius in May, which were well below 27 degrees Celsius in March. According to CSE’s analysis on air temperature variation among city’s stations, Chandni Chowk recorded the highest average air temperature on May 14, 2022 with 40.39 degrees Celsius, followed by Punjabi Bagh at 40.29 degrees Celsius, Mundka at 39.5 degrees Celsius and Paharganj at 39.1 degrees Celsius. CSE said the objective of the city analysis was to understand the combined effect of climate change induced unseasonal heatwaves. The study is based on comparative statistical analysis of temperature anomalies and observed heat-related impact in Indian cities and regions.

Wondering why pre-monsoon season in 2022 second hottest? check details

With the summer or pre-monsoon season in 2022 overtaken 2016 records as the second hottest pre-monsoon season in the country, winter and post-monsoon seasons are warming up faster, reported Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) on 7 July. According to the study, since 2010, the land surface temperatures in Delhi have been the highest and that the city recorded significant positive anomaly on all three temperature parameters.

2022 Pre-monsoon Summer Heat Overtake 2016 As 2nd Hottest Pre-monsoon Season On Record: CSE

While extreme heat waves in the states of the northwest draw maximum public attention, the increase in overall anomalous temperature in other regions of the country have been largely neglected, indicated a new country-wide analysis by Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) on Thursday. The seasonal average air temperature for 2022 summer was 1.24 degrees Celsius warmer than the baseline trends.Moreover, the heat waves lashing India this summer are symptomatic of the anomalous temperature trends that is expected to worsen with growing climate change impacts, it said. Year 2022 summer was the second Hottest after the summer of 2010.Mega cities, including Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Hyderabad are much hotter than the larger region around them due to heat island effects caused by surface absorption of heat and local waste heat generated by traffic, industry and air conditioning (among other urban activities), the latest CSE analysis said. Talking about the increase in overall anomalous temperature in other regions of the country that have been largely neglected, “This is a very disturbing trend as policy preparedness to mitigate rising heat due to climate change is nearly absent in India,” said Anumita Roychowdhury, executive director, research and advocacy, CSE. “Without heat action plans, rising air temperature, radiating heat from land surfaces, concretisation, heat-trapping built structures, waste heat from industrial processes and air conditioners, and erosion of heat dousing forests, urban greens and waterbodies will worsen public health risks.This requires urgent time-bound mitigation,” she said. Avikal Somvanshi, senior programme manager, Urban Lab, CSE, said: “Currently, the attention is largely on the maximum daily heat levels and extreme conditions of heat waves.But it is equally important to pay attention to the overall rising temperature and humidity trends in different regions to understand the gravity of the problem.” The Urban Lab of CSE has analysed the temperature trends in India from January 2015 till May 2022.The effort has been to understand the warming trends by covering all three dimensions of heat stress — surface air temperature, land surface temperature, and relative humidity (heat index) — at the national, regional and local levels. The seasonal average air temperature for 2022 — pre-monsoon or summer (March, April and May as per IMD classification) — is 1.24 degrees Celsius warmer than the baseline trends that relate to 1971-2000 climatology. Baselines are defined based on historical timelines and may vary for different metrics; the anomaly is generally computed from the 1951-80, 1971-2000, or 1981-2010 climatology baseline. This is warmer than the 1.20 degrees Celsius anomaly noted in 2016 pre-monsoon, but lower than the 1.45 degrees Celsius anomaly recorded in the 2010 pre-monsoon season. Similarly, land surface temperature anomaly has been extreme this pre-monsoon Season, with a 1.46 degrees Celsius departure from the baseline (1971-2000).It must be noted that pre-monsoon seasonal trends in both land and air temperature are identical to the annual trends, but with more pronounced highs and lows. monsoon is hotter than the pre-monsoon period on an average, while winter and post-monsoon seasons are warming up faster. High heat stress and heat waves in the northwestern states, but Other regions even hotter in absolute terms.

2022 pre-monsoon summer heat overtake 2016 as 2nd hottest pre-monsoon season on record: CSE

While extreme heat waves in the states of the northwest draw maximum public attention, the increase in overall anomalous temperature in other regions of the country have been largely neglected, indicated a new country-wide analysis by Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) on Thursday. The seasonal average air temperature for 2022 summer was 1.24 degrees Celsius warmer than the baseline trends. Moreover, the heat waves lashing India this summer are symptomatic of the anomalous temperature trends that is expected to worsen with growing climate change impacts, it said. Year 2022 summer was the second hottest after the summer of 2010. Mega cities, including Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Hyderabad are much hotter than the larger region around them due to heat island effects caused by surface absorption of heat and local waste heat generated by traffic, industry and air conditioning (among other urban activities), the latest CSE analysis said. Talking about the increase in overall anomalous temperature in other regions of the country that have been largely neglected, “This is a very disturbing trend as policy preparedness to mitigate rising heat due to climate change is nearly absent in India,” said Anumita Roychowdhury, executive director, research and advocacy, CSE. “Without heat action plans, rising air temperature, radiating heat from land surfaces, concretisation, heat-trapping built structures, waste heat from industrial processes and air conditioners, and erosion of heat dousing forests, urban greens and waterbodies will worsen public health risks. This requires urgent time-bound mitigation,” she said. Avikal Somvanshi, senior programme manager, Urban Lab, CSE, said: “Currently, the attention is largely on the maximum daily heat levels and extreme conditions of heat waves. But it is equally important to pay attention to the overall rising temperature and humidity trends in different regions to understand the gravity of the problem.” The Urban Lab of CSE has analysed the temperature trends in India from January 2015 till May 2022. The effort has been to understand the warming trends by covering all three dimensions of heat stress — surface air temperature, land surface temperature, and relative humidity (heat index) — at the national, regional and local levels. The seasonal average air temperature for 2022 — pre-monsoon or summer (March, April and May as per IMD classification) — is 1.24 degrees Celsius warmer than the baseline trends that relate to 1971-2000 climatology. Baselines are defined based on historical timelines and may vary for different metrics; the anomaly is generally computed from the 1951-80, 1971-2000, or 1981-2010 climatology baseline. This is warmer than the 1.20 degrees Celsius anomaly noted in 2016 pre-monsoon, but lower than the 1.45 degrees Celsius anomaly recorded in the 2010 pre-monsoon season. Similarly, land surface temperature anomaly has been extreme this pre-monsoon season, with a 1.46 degrees Celsius departure from the baseline (1971-2000). It must be noted that pre-monsoon seasonal trends in both land and air temperature are identical to the annual trends, but with more pronounced highs and lows. Monsoon is hotter than the pre-monsoon period on an average, while winter and post-monsoon seasons are warming up faster. High heat stress and heat waves in the northwestern states, but Other regions even hotter in absolute terms.

elhi hotter than earlier than with extra hotspots, higher variations in most temperatures | Delhi Information

Delhi has develop into hotter than earlier than with extra warmth hotspots, excessive variations in most temperatures inside metropolis areas and sudden rise of mercury as much as 26 levels Celsius in areas inside a month. These findings point out that the town could have to rethink its local weather motion plans to take care of the hovering warmth stress, stated consultants. Centre for Science and Atmosphere (CSE) has analysed the temperature traits for Delhi, together with Mumbai, Kolkata and Hyderabad, from January 2015 to Might 2022. jk The research revealed that whereas Delhi recorded a big rise in all three temperature parameters — floor air temperature, land floor temperature and relative humidity (warmth index), it additionally has most variations in temperatures in numerous areas. Loss in inexperienced cowl, seasonal lack of vegetation and concrete actions are believed to be among the many causes behind the drastic rise within the variety of warmth hotspots in Delhi. The research famous that after peaking of pre-monsoon temperatures in 2016 — one of many hottest summers within the metropolis, it had been cooling down till this 12 months. Delhi is way extra drier than different cities the place vegetation is extra constant and evergreen. Vegetation in Delhi additionally fluctuated as per season, attributable to climate and crop harvest. Apart from, growth work results in loss in tree cowl,” stated Avikal Somvanshi, senior programme supervisor at CSE and lead creator of the research. There’s a have to have a multi-sectoral effort, not restricted to planting timber and placing up symbolic photo voltaic panels. “The town must re-assess its plans to adapt to future warmth circumstances and give attention to creating resilience,” Somvanshi emphasised. The report acknowledged that air floor temperature was at the moment 1.77 levels Celsius greater than the 1981-2010 baseline, whereas the land floor temperature was 1.95 levels Celsius extra. The warmth index is up by 1.64 levels Celsius in contrast with the 2010-19 baseline. “Mega cities, together with Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Hyderabad, are a lot hotter attributable to warmth island results brought on by floor absorption of warmth and native waste warmth generated by site visitors, trade and airconditioning, amongst different city actions,” the report identified. Concerning the extent to which land floor temperature soars briefly length in Delhi, it discovered that between March 19 and Might 14, 2022, the temperature in Narela soared by 26.5 levels Celsius, adopted by 25.3 in Bawana, 24 in Matiala, 23.9 in Mundka, 22.9 in Najafgarh, 22.8 in Burari, and 20.7 in Karawal Nagar. The research additionally identified absence of sure system like not contemplating humidity and warmth index, or the texture temperature. “March and April have been unusually dry in Delhi, however humidity began rising in Might, which introduced reduction from heatwaves. However the spike in humidity has led to a rise within the warmth index within the metropolis, indicating an elevated discomfort amongst individuals,” the report identified. However since India Meteorological Division “doesn’t account for humidity in its consideration for heatwaves, risks of humid warmth that’s identified to be extra deadly to people doesn’t get reported”, it added. Sir Fort and Chandni Chowk had been on common had been the most popular neighbourhoods. “With out pressing time-bound mitigation, rising air temperature, radiating warmth from land surfaces, heat-trapping constructed buildings, waste warmth from industrial processes and airconditioners, and erosion of forests, city greens and waterbodies will worsen public well being dangers,” stated Anumita Roychowdhury, govt director of CSE.

Heat stress rising in India, heat waves second biggest killer among natural forces

Even though the monsoon has begun to affect the entire country, many areas still seem to be experiencing intense heat which is exacerbated by sharp increases in humidity. This summer's heat waves in India are a reflection of the unusual temperature trends that are anticipated to get worse as the effects of climate change become more pronounced. After the summer of 2010, the summer of 2022 has been the second-hottest summer since 2016. Due to heat island effects brought on by surface heat absorption and local waste heat produced by traffic, industry, and air conditioning, megacities like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Hyderabad are significantly hotter than the greater territory around them (among other urban activities). According to a recent country-wide by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), while extreme heat waves in the northwest states as defined by the India Meteorological Department (IMD) attract the most public attention, the rise in overall anomalous temperature in other parts of the nation has been largely ignored. "This is a very disturbing trend as policy preparedness to mitigate rising heat due to climate change is nearly absent in India. Without heat action plans, rising air temperature, radiating heat from land surfaces, concretisation, heat-trapping built structures, waste heat from industrial processes and air conditioners, and erosion of heat dousing forests, urban greens and water bodies will worsen public health risks. This requires urgent time-bound mitigation," said Anumita Roychowdhury, executive director, research and advocacy, CSE. Avikal Somvanshi, senior programme manager, Urban Lab, CSE said "Understanding the overall temperature anomaly, extreme heat conditions, and the mixed trends in heat patterns across different regions of India has become necessary to assess the emergent risk. Currently, the attention is largely on the maximum daily heat levels and extreme conditions of heat waves. But it is equally important to pay attention to the overall rising temperature and humidity trends in different regions to understand the gravity of the problem". Data from the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) that also captures accidental deaths including those from climatic stress, shows that between 2015 and 2020, 2,137 people had reportedly died due to heat stroke in the states in the northwest. But the southern peninsula region had reported 2,444 deaths due to excessive environmental heat, with Andhra Pradesh alone accounting for over half of the reported casualties. Delhi reported only one death for the same period. Most deaths have been reported among working-age men (30-60-year-olds), usually not considered highly vulnerable to temperature anomalies. The understanding of the public health impacts of meteorological conditions like heat waves is still weak in India. Heat waves are the second most deadly natural force in India, having killed over 20,615 people during 2000-20. Lightning, with 49,679 deaths, was the top killer. There has been a decline in the number of reported deaths since 2015 when IMD reported 2,081 deaths and NCRB reported 1,908 deaths. There were no deaths reported by IMD in 2021 and NCRB is yet to publish the 2021 edition of its annual Accidental DeathsSuicides in India (ADSI). The temperature trends in India from January 2015 to May 2022 were studied by the Urban Lab of CSE. Surface air temperature, land surface temperature, and relative humidity (heat index) have been studied at the national, regional, and local levels in an effort to understand the patterns in global warming. Additionally, the patterns in the metropolises of Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Hyderabad in each of the four homogeneous zones of the IMD have been evaluated. A CSE release said the temperature anomaly has been examined by the analysis (which refers to a departure from a reference value or long-term average or a baseline). A positive anomaly means that the temperature was higher than the baseline, whereas a negative anomaly means that it was lower. It typically serves to report monthly, seasonal, yearly, or decadal fluctuations in temperature. Although significantly shorter in duration and characterised in contrast to an absolute temperature threshold as well as deviation from the usual, heat waves are likewise anomalous temperature events. (ANI)

Heat stress rising in India, heat waves second biggest killer among natural forces

Even though the monsoon has begun to affect the entire country, many areas still seem to be experiencing intense heat which is exacerbated by sharp increases in humidity. This summer's heat waves in India are a reflection of the unusual temperature trends that are anticipated to get worse as the effects of climate change become more pronounced. After the summer of 2010, the summer of 2022 has been the second-hottest summer since 2016. Due to heat island effects brought on by surface heat absorption and local waste heat produced by traffic, industry, and air conditioning, megacities like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Hyderabad are significantly hotter than the greater territory around them (among other urban activities). According to a recent country-wide by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), while extreme heat waves in the northwest states as defined by the India Meteorological Department (IMD) attract the most public attention, the rise in overall anomalous temperature in other parts of the nation has been largely ignored. "This is a very disturbing trend as policy preparedness to mitigate rising heat due to climate change is nearly absent in India. Without heat action plans, rising air temperature, radiating heat from land surfaces, concretisation, heat-trapping built structures, waste heat from industrial processes and air conditioners, and erosion of heat dousing forests, urban greens and water bodies will worsen public health risks. This requires urgent time-bound mitigation," said Anumita Roychowdhury, executive director, research and advocacy, CSE. Avikal Somvanshi, senior programme manager, Urban Lab, CSE said "Understanding the overall temperature anomaly, extreme heat conditions, and the mixed trends in heat patterns across different regions of India has become necessary to assess the emergent risk. Currently, the attention is largely on the maximum daily heat levels and extreme conditions of heat waves. But it is equally important to pay attention to the overall rising temperature and humidity trends in different regions to understand the gravity of the problem". Data from the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) that also captures accidental deaths including those from climatic stress, shows that between 2015 and 2020, 2,137 people had reportedly died due to heat stroke in the states in the northwest. But the southern peninsula region had reported 2,444 deaths due to excessive environmental heat, with Andhra Pradesh alone accounting for over half of the reported casualties. Delhi reported only one death for the same period. Most deaths have been reported among working-age men (30-60-year-olds), usually not considered highly vulnerable to temperature anomalies. The understanding of the public health impacts of meteorological conditions like heat waves is still weak in India. Heat waves are the second most deadly natural force in India, having killed over 20,615 people during 2000-20. Lightning, with 49,679 deaths, was the top killer. There has been a decline in the number of reported deaths since 2015 when IMD reported 2,081 deaths and NCRB reported 1,908 deaths. There were no deaths reported by IMD in 2021 and NCRB is yet to publish the 2021 edition of its annual Accidental DeathsSuicides in India (ADSI). The temperature trends in India from January 2015 to May 2022 were studied by the Urban Lab of CSE. Surface air temperature, land surface temperature, and relative humidity (heat index) have been studied at the national, regional, and local levels in an effort to understand the patterns in global warming. Additionally, the patterns in the metropolises of Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Hyderabad in each of the four homogeneous zones of the IMD have been evaluated. A CSE release said the temperature anomaly has been examined by the analysis (which refers to a departure from a reference value or long-term average or a baseline). A positive anomaly means that the temperature was higher than the baseline, whereas a negative anomaly means that it was lower. It typically serves to report monthly, seasonal, yearly, or decadal fluctuations in temperature. Although significantly shorter in duration and characterised in contrast to an absolute temperature threshold as well as deviation from the usual, heat waves are likewise anomalous temperature events. (ANI)

Monsoon season was 0.3-0.4° hotter than pre-monsoon seasons over last decade

The June to September monsoon season has been 0.3-0.4 degrees Celsius hotter than pre-monsoon seasons in the decade from 2012 to 2022, according to a new Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) analysis based on India Meteorological Department (IMD)’s long-term data. Anumita Roychowdhury, CSE’s executive director (research and advocacy), called this a very disturbing trend as policy preparedness to mitigate rising heat due to climate change is nearly absent in India. “Without heat action plans, rising air temperature, radiating heat from land surfaces, concretisation, heat-trapping built structures, waste heat from industrial processes and air conditioners, and erosion of heat dousing forests, urban greens, and water bodies will worsen public health risks,” she said in a statement. “This requires an urgent time-bound mitigation.” The decadal average temperature for the pre-monsoon or summer period was 0.49 degrees Celsius hotter than long-term normal (1951-80 baseline). This is a significant increase but not as much as that for the other three seasons. The post-monsoon period from October to December has been hotter by 0.73 degrees Celsius than the long-term normal. The winter season from January to February, as per IMD classification, has been warmer by 0.68 degrees Celsius, and the monsoon by 0.58 degrees Celsius. HT on March 22 reported that there has been a sharp upward trend in average temperatures across seasons in the country since 1991 compared to the average surface air temperature baseline recorded between 1981 and 2010. The trend is more evenly pronounced during the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. The seasonal average air temperature for this summer from March to May was 1.24 degrees Celsius warmer than the baseline trends between 1971 and 2000. This was warmer than the 1.20 degrees Celsius anomaly noted in 2016 summer. But it is lower than the 1.45 degree anomaly recorded in 2010 summer. Land surface temperature anomaly has been extreme this summer with a 1.46-degree Celsius increase compared to the baseline (1971-2000). Institute of Climate Change Studies director DS Pai said the temperature anomalies are increasing mainly because of less clouding on a higher number of days. “So, if rainy days are reducing, cloudless or less cloudy days will increase. If we analyse the overall increase in maximum and minimum temperatures during these two seasons [monsoon and post-monsoon] we can also find out if there is an incursion of warm air from other regions.” Pai said the rise in average temperatures is mainly linked to global warming. “We cannot link less cloudy days in monsoon and post-monsoon seasons to global warming directly but there may be indirect effects of climate change on cloud and rain patterns.” The CSE said that the average daily maximum temperature this year for March and April in northwest India was almost 4 degrees Celsius above the normal compared to its baseline of 1981-2010. “This is almost twice as much as the increase observed at all India levels and it holds true for even average daily minimum, daily mean, and land surface temperatures. Temperatures became relatively closer to normal during the month of May.” CSE cited National Crime Records Bureau data and said 2,137 people reportedly died due to heat strokes in northwest India between 2015 and 2020. “…the southern peninsula region… reported 2,444 deaths due to excessive environmental heat with Andhra Pradesh alone accounting for over half of the reported casualties.” It added Delhi reported only one death for the same period. “Most deaths have been reported among working-age men (30-60), usually not considered highly vulnerable to temperature anomalies. The understanding of the public health impacts of meteorological conditions like the heat waves is still weak in India.” The seasonal average temperatures of Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Hyderabad were 1-2-degree Celsius higher than the all-India average due to the urban heat island phenomenon. “Due to excessive hard and dark surfaces, cities tend to absorb the heat coming from the sun during the day; a city also generates a lot of waste heat due to human activities which adds to the natural heat. This extra heat should dissipate after sunset, but due to pollution and continuing generation of waste heat the city fails to cool down, leading to warmer condition compared to rural areas,” said the CSE analysis. It added that temperature and humidity data suggested massive variations in temperature within the cities. In terms of absolute air temperature, Hyderabad, with a 7.1-degree Celsius variation (difference between hottest and coolest part of the city), had the most pronounced heat islands. Kolkata, with just 1.3 degree Celsius, had the least pronounced ones. Delhi had a 6.2-degree Celsius variation and Mumbai 5.5. Some urban or metropolitan areas were significantly warmer than their surrounding rural areas or areas with more green cover. The phenomenon is referred as Urban Heat Island effect. Avikal Somvanshi, a senior programme manager with CSE’s Urban Lab, said understanding the overall temperature anomaly, extreme heat conditions, and the mixed trends in heat patterns across India has become necessary to assess the emergent risk. “Currently, the attention is largely on the maximum daily heat levels and extreme conditions of heat waves. But it is equally important to pay attention to the overall rising temperature and humidity trends in different regions to understand the gravity of the problem.” CSE sourced the intracity temperature variation data from the Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations and surface air from NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies.

2022 pre-monsoon summer heat overtake 2016 as 2nd hottest pre-monsoon season on record: CSE

While extreme heat waves in the states of the northwest draw maximum public attention, the increase in overall anomalous temperature in other regions of the country have been largely neglected, indicated a new country-wide analysis by Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) on Thursday. The seasonal average air temperature for 2022 summer was 1.24 degrees Celsius warmer than the baseline trends. Moreover, the heat waves lashing India this summer are symptomatic of the anomalous temperature trends that is expected to worsen with growing climate change impacts, it said. Year 2022 summer was the second hottest after the summer of 2010. Mega cities, including Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Hyderabad are much hotter than the larger region around them due to heat island effects caused by surface absorption of heat and local waste heat generated by traffic, industry and air conditioning (among other urban activities), the latest CSE analysis said. Talking about the increase in overall anomalous temperature in other regions of the country that have been largely neglected, “This is a very disturbing trend as policy preparedness to mitigate rising heat due to climate change is nearly absent in India,” said Anumita Roychowdhury, executive director, research and advocacy, CSE. “Without heat action plans, rising air temperature, radiating heat from land surfaces, concretisation, heat-trapping built structures, waste heat from industrial processes and air conditioners, and erosion of heat dousing forests, urban greens and waterbodies will worsen public health risks. This requires urgent time-bound mitigation,” she said. Avikal Somvanshi, senior programme manager, Urban Lab, CSE, said: “Currently, the attention is largely on the maximum daily heat levels and extreme conditions of heat waves. But it is equally important to pay attention to the overall rising temperature and humidity trends in different regions to understand the gravity of the problem.” The Urban Lab of CSE has analysed the temperature trends in India from January 2015 till May 2022. The effort has been to understand the warming trends by covering all three dimensions of heat stress — surface air temperature, land surface temperature, and relative humidity (heat index) — at the national, regional and local levels. The seasonal average air temperature for 2022 — pre-monsoon or summer (March, April and May as per IMD classification) — is 1.24 degrees Celsius warmer than the baseline trends that relate to 1971-2000 climatology. Baselines are defined based on historical timelines and may vary for different metrics; the anomaly is generally computed from the 1951-80, 1971-2000, or 1981-2010 climatology baseline. This is warmer than the 1.20 degrees Celsius anomaly noted in 2016 pre-monsoon, but lower than the 1.45 degrees Celsius anomaly recorded in the 2010 pre-monsoon season. Similarly, land surface temperature anomaly has been extreme this pre-monsoon season, with a 1.46 degrees Celsius departure from the baseline (1971-2000). It must be noted that pre-monsoon seasonal trends in both land and air temperature are identical to the annual trends, but with more pronounced highs and lows. Monsoon is hotter than the pre-monsoon period on an average, while winter and post-monsoon seasons are warming up faster. High heat stress and heat waves in the northwestern states, but Other regions even hotter in absolute terms.

Pre-monsoon summer time warmth 2022 overtakes 2016 pre-monsoon season in India: CSE

Even because the monsoon has made its footfalls felt throughout the nation, there appears to be little respite from the searing warmth – aided by steep rises in humidity ranges — in lots of pockets. The warmth waves lashing India this summer time are symptomatic of the anomalous temperature tendencies which can be anticipated to worsen with rising local weather change impacts. The Centre for Science and Atmosphere (CSE) has revealed some key findings which states 2022 pre-monsoon summer time warmth tendencies overtake 2016 because the second hottest pre-monsoon season on report for India As per the discovering, the seasonal common air temperature for 2022 — pre-monsoon or summer time (March, April and Could as per IMD classification) — is 1.24°C hotter than the baseline tendencies that relate to 1971-2000 climatology. “It is a very disturbing development as coverage preparedness to mitigate rising warmth on account of local weather change is almost absent in India. With out warmth motion plans, rising air temperature, radiating warmth from land surfaces, concretisation, heat-trapping constructed buildings, waste warmth from industrial processes and air conditioners, and erosion of warmth dousing forests, city greens and waterbodies will worsen public well being dangers. This requires pressing time-bound mitigation,” says Anumita Roychowdhury, govt director, analysis and advocacy, CSE. “Understanding the general temperature anomaly, excessive warmth circumstances, and the combined tendencies in warmth patterns throughout completely different areas of India has change into essential to assess the emergent threat. Presently, the eye is essentially on the utmost every day warmth ranges and excessive circumstances of warmth waves. However it’s equally vital to concentrate to the general rising temperature and humidity tendencies in several areas to grasp the gravity of the issue,” says Avikal Somvanshi, senior programme supervisor, City Lab, CSE. The City Lab of CSE has analysed the temperature tendencies in India from January 2015 until Could 2022. The hassle has been to grasp the warming tendencies by overlaying all three dimensions of warmth stress — floor air temperature, land floor temperature, and relative humidity (warmth index) — on the nationwide, regional and native ranges. The tendencies within the metropolises of Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Hyderabad (one situated in every of IMD’s 4 homogenous areas) have additionally been assessed. It additional revealed monsoon is hotter than the pre-monsoon interval on a mean, whereas winter and post-monsoon seasons are warming up quicker. At an all-India stage, the monsoon season (June, July, August and September as per IMD classification) has been 0.3-0.4°C hotter than pre-monsoon (or summer time) – what’s extra, it’s getting hotter with time. Apart from, this 12 months, the noticed common every day most temperature for March and April for states and Union territories in India’s northwest (Chandigarh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Ladakh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Uttrakhand – as per IMD classification) has been virtually 4°C above the conventional (in comparison with its baseline of 1981-2010). That is virtually twice as a lot because the anomaly noticed in any respect India stage, and it holds true for even common every day minimal, every day imply and land floor temperatures. Temperatures turned comparatively nearer to regular in the course of the month of Could. Roychowdhury added, “On this climate-constrained world, warmth stress is predicted to worsen. This calls for pressing motion to undertake direct measures to mitigate warmth throughout the area in addition to the town to scale back public well being threat and occupational publicity to warmth, include power consumption on account of elevated demand for cooling, stop harm to infrastructure, and guarantee total wellbeing of the lots uncovered to excessive and excessive warmth.” She provides: “This can require strategic interventions to scale back warmth island results in cities by conserving and increasing city greens/forests and waterbodies, undertake architectural design tips for the constructed surroundings to scale back warmth load on constructed buildings, and include concretisation of floor areas. On the identical time, emergency measures could be wanted to reply to the acute warmth circumstances in the course of the warmth waves.”

Heat stress rising in India, heat waves second biggest killer among natural forces

Even though the monsoon has begun to affect the entire country, many areas still seem to be experiencing intense heat which is exacerbated by sharp increases in humidity. This summer's heat waves in India are a reflection of the unusual temperature trends that are anticipated to get worse as the effects of climate change become more pronounced. After the summer of 2010, the summer of 2022 has been the second-hottest summer since 2016. Due to heat island effects brought on by surface heat absorption and local waste heat produced by traffic, industry, and air conditioning, megacities like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Hyderabad are significantly hotter than the greater territory around them (among other urban activities). According to a recent country-wide by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), while extreme heat waves in the northwest states as defined by the India Meteorological Department (IMD) attract the most public attention, the rise in overall anomalous temperature in other parts of the nation has been largely ignored. "This is a very disturbing trend as policy preparedness to mitigate rising heat due to climate change is nearly absent in India. Without heat action plans, rising air temperature, radiating heat from land surfaces, concretisation, heat-trapping built structures, waste heat from industrial processes and air conditioners, and erosion of heat dousing forests, urban greens and water bodies will worsen public health risks. This requires urgent time-bound mitigation," said Anumita Roychowdhury, executive director, research and advocacy, CSE. Avikal Somvanshi, senior programme manager, Urban Lab, CSE said "Understanding the overall temperature anomaly, extreme heat conditions, and the mixed trends in heat patterns across different regions of India has become necessary to assess the emergent risk. Currently, the attention is largely on the maximum daily heat levels and extreme conditions of heat waves. But it is equally important to pay attention to the overall rising temperature and humidity trends in different regions to understand the gravity of the problem". Data from the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) that also captures accidental deaths including those from climatic stress, shows that between 2015 and 2020, 2,137 people had reportedly died due to heat stroke in the states in the northwest. But the southern peninsula region had reported 2,444 deaths due to excessive environmental heat, with Andhra Pradesh alone accounting for over half of the reported casualties. Delhi reported only one death for the same period. Most deaths have been reported among working-age men (30-60-year-olds), usually not considered highly vulnerable to temperature anomalies. The understanding of the public health impacts of meteorological conditions like heat waves is still weak in India. Heat waves are the second most deadly natural force in India, having killed over 20,615 people during 2000-20. Lightning, with 49,679 deaths, was the top killer. There has been a decline in the number of reported deaths since 2015 when IMD reported 2,081 deaths and NCRB reported 1,908 deaths. There were no deaths reported by IMD in 2021 and NCRB is yet to publish the 2021 edition of its annual Accidental Deaths & Suicides in India (ADSI). The temperature trends in India from January 2015 to May 2022 were studied by the Urban Lab of CSE. Surface air temperature, land surface temperature, and relative humidity (heat index) have been studied at the national, regional, and local levels in an effort to understand the patterns in global warming. Additionally, the patterns in the metropolises of Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Hyderabad in each of the four homogeneous zones of the IMD have been evaluated. A CSE release said the temperature anomaly has been examined by the analysis (which refers to a departure from a reference value or long-term average or a baseline). A positive anomaly means that the temperature was higher than the baseline, whereas a negative anomaly means that it was lower. It typically serves to report monthly, seasonal, yearly, or decadal fluctuations in temperature. Although significantly shorter in duration and characterised in contrast to an absolute temperature threshold as well as deviation from the usual, heat waves are likewise anomalous temperature events. (ANI)

2022 Takes Document For Second Hottest Summer season After 2010; Specialists Present Concern Over Absence of Warmth-Mitigation Measures | The Climate Channel – Articles from The Climate Channel

Whereas excessive warmth waves within the states of the northwest draw most public consideration, the rise in general anomalous temperature in different areas of the nation has been largely uncared for, indicated a brand new country-wide evaluation by the Centre for Science and Setting (CSE) on Thursday. The seasonal common air temperature for the 2022 summer time was 1.24°C hotter than the baseline tendencies. Furthermore, the warmth waves lashing India this summer time are symptomatic of the anomalous temperature tendencies which might be anticipated to worsen with rising local weather change impacts, it stated. This 12 months’s summer time was the second hottest after the summer time of 2010. Megacities together with Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata and Hyderabad are a lot hotter than the bigger area round them on account of warmth island results attributable to floor absorption of warmth and native waste warmth generated by visitors, trade and air con, amongst different city actions, the most recent CSE evaluation stated. Anumita Roychowdhury, the chief director of analysis and advocacy at CSE, speaking concerning the neglect of enhance in general anomalous temperature in different areas of the nation, says: “This can be a very disturbing pattern as coverage preparedness to mitigate rising warmth on account of local weather change is almost absent in India,” stated “With out warmth motion plans, rising air temperature, radiating warmth from land surfaces, concretisation, heat-trapping constructed constructions, waste warmth from industrial processes and air conditioners, and erosion of warmth dousing forests, city greens and water our bodies will worsen public well being dangers. This requires pressing time-bound mitigation,” she stated. Avikal Somvanshi, senior programme supervisor at City Lab, CSE, stated: “At the moment, the eye is basically on the utmost each day warmth ranges and excessive situations of warmth waves. However it’s equally essential to concentrate to the general rising temperature and humidity tendencies in numerous areas to grasp the gravity of the issue.” The City Lab of CSE has analysed the temperature tendencies in India from January 2015 to Could 2022. Floor air temperature, land floor temperature, and relative humidity (warmth index) have been studied on the nationwide, regional, and native ranges in an effort to grasp the patterns in world warming. The seasonal common air temperature for 2022 — pre-monsoon or summer time (March, April and Could as per IMD classification) — is 1.24°C hotter than the baseline tendencies that relate to 1971-2000 climatology. Baselines are outlined based mostly on historic timelines and will range for various metrics; the anomaly is usually computed from the 1951-80, 1971-2000, or 1981-2010 climatology baseline. That is hotter than the 1.20°C anomaly famous within the 2016 pre-monsoon season however decrease than the 1.45°C anomaly recorded in 2010. Equally, the land floor temperature anomaly has been excessive this pre-monsoon season, with a 1.46°C departure from the baseline (1971-2000). It have to be famous that pre-monsoon seasonal tendencies in each land and air temperature are an identical to the annual tendencies, however with extra pronounced highs and lows. Monsoon is hotter than the pre-monsoon interval on common, whereas winter and post-monsoon seasons are warming up quicker.

Monsoon temperatures now higher than in summer, says CSE report

Monsoons have usually meant respite from the heat of summer months but increasingly temperatures during the monsoon months — June to September — are seeing a rise, says an analysis by environment group Centre for Science and Environment going by the weather data they made public on Thursday. At an all-India level, average temperatures during the monsoon season (June, July, August and September) are now 0.3°C higher than average summer temperatures (March, April, May) when compared from 1951-80. In the last decade, 2012-2021, this anomaly has risen to 0.4 C. India’s average temperature has risen 0.62 C from 1901-2020 according to India Meteorological Department records. However, disaggregating this rise, the CSE analysis shows, has translated to summer temperatures rising slower than not only monsoon but even post-monsoon (October-December) and winter temperatures (January and February) that have risen by 0.79 C and 0.58 C respectively. This year saw record pre-monsoon temperatures in North and Western India largely on the back of an absence of rainfall. The average daily maximum temperature for March and April for Chandigarh, Delhi, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Ladakh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand – as per IMD classification, was almost 4°C above the normal (compared to its baseline of 1981-2010). This is almost twice as much as the anomaly observed at the all India level, and it holds true for even average daily minimum, daily mean and land surface temperatures, the CSE noted. Temperatures became relatively closer to normal during the month of May. ADVT ADVT While these were searing conditions, CSE authors say, they obscured the rise in temperatures in other parts of the country. Average daily maximum for north-western states for the month of March was 30.7°C, whereas the all India average was 33.1°C or 2.4°C hotter). The average daily minimum temperature showed an even larger (4.9°C) difference. Central India (Chhattisgarh, Dadra & Nagar Haveli, Daman & Diu, Goa, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Odisha) and the southern peninsular region (Andaman & Nicobar, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Lakshadweep, Puducherry, Tamil Nadu and Telangana) had higher normal temperatures compared to the northwest during the pre-monsoon or summer season. Central India’s normal maximum was 2-7°C higher, while south peninsular India’s normal minimum was 4-10°C higher than temperatures in northwest India. Public health impacts These numbers had a bearing on heatwave deaths. From 2015 - 2020, 2,137 people had reportedly died due to heat stroke in the States in northwest but the southern peninsula region had reported 2,444 deaths due to excess environmental heat, with Andhra Pradesh alone accounting for over half of the reported casualties. Delhi reported only one death for the same period. Most deaths have been reported among working age men (30-60 year olds), usually not considered highly vulnerable to temperature anomalies. “The understanding of the public health impacts of meteorological conditions like heat wave is still weak in India,” their analysis underlined. The years 2016 and 2017 reported twice the number of hazardous heat wave events compared to 2015, but reported deaths caused were less than a quarter of the 2015 toll. The urban heat island effect, a phenomenon whereby cities because of concrete surfaces and dense populations tended to be on average hotter than rural habitations also contributed to heat stress. The CSE study analysed temperature and humidity data collected by the real-time air quality monitoring network and found massive variations in temperature within the cities. In terms of absolute air temperature, Hyderabad with a 7.1°C variation had the most pronounced heat islands, while Kolkata with just 1.3°C had the least pronounced ones. Delhi had a 6.2°C variation; Mumbai’s was 5.5°C. “Policy preparedness to mitigate rising heat due to climate change is nearly absent in India. Without heat action plans, rising air temperature, radiating heat from land surfaces, concretisation, heat-trapping built structures, waste heat from industrial processes and air conditioners, and erosion of heat dousing forests, urban greens and waterbodies will worsen public health risks. This requires urgent time-bound mitigation”Anumita RoychowdhuryExecutive director, Research and Advocacy, CSE “This is a very disturbing trend as policy preparedness to mitigate rising heat due to climate change is nearly absent in India. Without heat action plans, rising air temperature, radiating heat from land surfaces, concretisation, heat-trapping built structures, waste heat from industrial processes and air conditioners, and erosion of heat dousing forests, urban greens and waterbodies will worsen public health risks. This requires urgent time-bound mitigation,” said Anumita Roychowdhury, executive director, research and advocacy, CSE.

Scorching heat: When City of Joy leaves Delhi behind

Calcutta’s seasonal maximum heat index stands at 50°C, compared with national capital's 45.6°C Calcutta this summer experienced the worst of heat measured through both temperature and humidity among four Indian cities, touching a level four degrees higher than Delhi, a climate and the environmental group has found. The Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), New Delhi, said its analysis of heat trends had calculated Calcutta’s seasonal maximum heat index as 50°C, compared with Delhi’s 45.6°C. The heat index is the apparent temperature the body feels when humidity is combined with air temperature. A heat index value between 41°C and 43°C is “dangerous” while 54°C and higher is “extremely dangerous”, the CSE said. The analysis has also underlined concerns that parts of cities serve as “heat islands” hotter than surrounding regions. The CSE analysis, which covers the period from 2015 through 2022, has found that the monsoon season has been 0.3°C to 0.4°C hotter than the average during the 1951-80 period. The post-monsoon period — October through December — has been hotter by 0.73°C. The elevated urban temperatures result from the heat trapped by the excessive occurrence of hard and dark surfaces in cities as well as the waste heat generated through machines. The extra heat should dissipate after sunset, but pollution and the continuing generation of waste heat prevent cities from cooling. Hyderabad showed the most pronounced heat island effect with temperature variations of up to 7.1°C within the city while Calcutta had the least pronounced effect with a variation within 1.3°C. The CSE, citing data from the National Crime Records Bureau on accidental deaths, including those linked to extreme weather, said the southern peninsula had reported more deaths (2,444) from heat stroke than the northwest (2,137) between 2015 and 2020. “These are disturbing trends as policy preparedness to mitigate rising heat due to climate change is nearly absent in India,” Anumita Roychowdhury, executive director for research and advocacy at the CSE, said in a media release. “Without heat action plans, rising air temperature, radiating heat from land surfaces, concretisation, waste heat from industrial processes, air-conditioners, and erosion of urban greens and water bodies will worsen public health risks.” The CSE analysis has found that heat waves were the second most deadly natural force in India during the period from 2000 to 2020, claiming 20,615 lives, after lightning which killed 49,679 people.

15 Ways to Stay Cool This Summer

The summer of 2022 is already shaping up to be a hot one. According to a July 2022 analysis from the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), this is the second-hottest summer since 2010. In June 2022 alone, there were 1,995 record daily high temperatures broken across the U.S., according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Stacker scoured scientific studies, DIY websites, and even American history to come up with 15 ways to stay cool on warm days without AC. For anyone not living along the northern edges or mountains of the U.S., the dog days of summer feature weeks—if not months—on end of intolerable heat. Sizzling temperatures have been shown to negatively affect memory, reaction time, productivity, moods, and even suicide rates. One study by Harvard University in 2016 tracked students before and after a heatwave and determined that higher temperatures correlated with decreased cognitive function; another by Stanford University in 2018 studied the links between suicide rates and temperature and ultimately theorized that bumps in temperature from now through the year 2050 may correlate with an added 21,000 deaths from suicide. For the times we can’t be in air conditioning 24/7, there are thankfully many low-cost, energy-efficient ways to cool off during summer heat that work and don’t involve sitting in a bath of ice water all day. These tricks can make a difference when your attention is required in a classroom or office setting, or if you’re working outside and need relief from the hot sun. Keep reading to see a simple hack for using skin care products to bring down your core temperature, how hot beverages may actually cool you off, and how to up your use of fans to beat the heat this summer.