Power demand surge isn’t just a sign of development. Heatwaves sparked 41% spike in summer consumption
India saw a whopping 41 percent surge in average electricity demand in the summer of 2023 when temperatures touched 50 degrees Celsius in some parts of the country. Extreme temperatures are the biggest culprit, according to a new report by the think tank Climate Trends. Analysing consumption patterns across the country, the think tank found a direct correlation between heatwaves and peak power demand. The trend will continue, considering the country, this year, recorded the hottest February since 1901. Increased use of cooling appliances for residential and industrial purposes is the prime driver of power demand during the summers, defined as April-June in the report. Most of the 2023 electricity demand was fulfilled by fossil fuels, with a three percent overall increase in the consumption of fossil fuels, according to the report. It also pointed out how India’s expected power demand rise in the coming years needed to account for not just development and population growth but also climate change-induced rise in temperatures. “We’ve been misunderstanding the sudden increase in power demand as a sign of only economic development,” said Manish Ram, lead analyst of the study, in a press release. “While there has been development, our analysis shows that rising temperatures are causing an additional surge in peak power demand.” India’s power demand has steadily increased over the past few years, reaching an all-time high of 250 GW in 2024. The year before, i.e., in 2023, the highest demand or what is known as peak demand was 220 GW, and the year before that, it was 215 GW. According to a 2022 report by the India Environment Portal, India’s power demand is increasing faster than its electricity generation—the peak power demand almost doubled between 2011 and 2022.
