Cse In News

Delhi’s pollution level – PM2.5 concentration – saw its first huge spike of this winter season on November 2 with a sudden and staggering 68 per cent jump within 24 hours, crossing 313 microgramme per metre cubed which was equivalent to “severe plus” category as per the Air Quality Index (AQI) concentration range, the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) said in its latest study. It also said that stubble burning alone could not have led to this alarming spike in Delhi’s air pollution levels if local factors, including vehicle emissions, had not already poisoned the national capital’s air. Releasing the new analysis by CSE of the deadly winter pollution that has gripped Delhi-NCR these days, CSE Executive Director, Research and Advocacy, Anumita Roychowdhury said: “This winter season has started with a much higher pollution level compared to November last year.The combination of adverse meteorological conditions, onset of crop residue burning, and high local pollution has tilted the scale dangerously, increasing public health risk. “Even though the overall long-term pollution curve is stable and downward, it is still significantly above the national ambient air quality standards.This demands most stringent and sustained action on vehicles, industry, energy systems and waste management across the region.” The analysis has been done by CSE’s Urban Lab, whose head Avikal Somvanshi said: “This kind of rapid build-up is not uncommon during this part of the season and is generally associated with smoke-fall from farm stubble fire and meteorological factors assisting transportation of the smoke to Delhi-NCR and topping the high local pollution. “But it must be kept in consideration that this rapid build-up in a short time span is able to tip air quality into severe category because baseline pollution from local sources is already very high.” The report pointed out that the most notable trend this year is the “sudden and rapid build-up of smog” episode in this early phase of winter.”On November 2, PM2.5 levels in Delhi crossed 300 microgrammes/cubic metre or ‘severe plus’ level for the first time this season.It was a very sudden escalation as the level rose a staggering 68 per cent within 24 hours,” it said. The analysis pointed out that during the previous five years, overall trends show that PM2.5 levels start to rise steadily from the beginning of October. “This year, the levels started to rise from the middle of September.Illustratively, this increase was at a slower rate and by the end of October, the levels were 20-30 per cent lower than the average levels for the corresponding Octobers of the previous five winters – since 2018-19,” it said. It further pointed out that early beginning of bad air quality days this year due to lower rainfall during September and October. “In contrast to the previous winter of 2022-23, the smog episode has started earlier this year.The last day with ‘good’ PM2.5 AQI before the onset of winter was observed on September 9, 2023,” it said. It remains to be seen how many more smog episodes with varying durations may occur this winter. As is the global practice, at least three continuous days of severe AQI is considered as one smog episode. In previous winters, such episodes have been recorded lasting six-10 days the winters between 2018 and 2021 had, on an average, experienced three smog episodes each. During the winter of 2022-23, only one smog episode was recorded from January 6-9.Also, Diwali and late December of 2022-23 did not witness a smog episode (like in the earlier winters). The analysis by CSE’s Urban Lab listed the key factors behind Delhi’s toxic air.The report noted that this spike in pollution levels is not uncommon during this time of the year and is generally associated with stubble burning in north Indian states before farmers start work on the winter crop. Meterological factors helping the movement of smoke to Delhi-NCR is also behind the jump in Delhi’s Air Qualty Index, it said. The report also stated that share of PM2.5 in PM10 is an important indicator of the impact of combustion sources. “While coarser PM10 comes largely from dust sources, the tinier PM2.5 come more from vehicles, industry and open burning.This year the percentage share of PM2.5 in PM10 has crossed 50 per cent, which indicates higher impact of combustion sources.On November 2, the ratio for PM2.5 stood at 60 per cent — highest this season indicating the higher influence of combustion sources,” the report stated. It further said that SAFAR’s estimate has shown that the percentage contribution of farm stubble fire to Delhi’s PM2.5 concentration had crossed 25 per cent on November 2.”It was in the 10-20 per cent range in the week leading to November 2.This is expected to rise in the coming days.The fire instances in Punjab and Haryana are yet to peak. In previous years, on the worst days, its contribution had topped 40 per cent, as generally noted during the middle of November,” it noted. The report also stated that the levels of NO2 – which comes largely from vehicles — are also rising in the region.”This indicates high impact of vehicular pollution.City-wide average NO2 is up by 60 per cent compared to the first week of October last year. Certain high traffic locations have been reporting levels as high as three-four times the 24-hour standard,” it said. ITO is most polluted NO2 location in Delhi, with an average of 219 microgrammes/cubic metre. Nehru Nagar and Siri Fort are the next most polluted NO2 locations in Delhi, the report said.

Urban Lab

Stubble burning not only to blame for alarming spike in air quality in Delhi: CSE report

Delhi’s pollution level – PM2.5 concentration – saw its first huge spike of this winter season on November 2 with a sudden and staggering 68 per cent jump within 24 hours, crossing 313 microgramme per metre cubed which was equivalent to “severe plus” category as per the Air Quality Index (AQI) concentration range, the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) said in its latest study. It also said that stubble burning alone could not have led to this alarming spike in Delhi’s air pollution levels if local factors, including vehicle emissions, had not already poisoned the national capital’s air. Releasing the new analysis by CSE of the deadly winter pollution that has gripped Delhi-NCR these days, CSE Executive Director, Research and Advocacy, Anumita Roychowdhury said: “This winter season has started with a much higher pollution level compared to November last year. The combination of adverse meteorological conditions, onset of crop residue burning, and high local pollution has tilted the scale dangerously, increasing public health risk. “Even though the overall long-term pollution curve is stable and downward, it is still significantly above the national ambient air quality standards. This demands most stringent and sustained action on vehicles, industry, energy systems and waste management across the region.” The analysis has been done by CSE’s Urban Lab, whose head Avikal Somvanshi said: “This kind of rapid build-up is not uncommon during this part of the season and is generally associated with smoke-fall from farm stubble fire and meteorological factors assisting transportation of the smoke to Delhi-NCR and topping the high local pollution. “But it must be kept in consideration that this rapid build-up in a short time span is able to tip air quality into severe category because baseline pollution from local sources is already very high.” The report pointed out that the most notable trend this year is the “sudden and rapid build-up of smog” episode in this early phase of winter. “On November 2, PM2.5 levels in Delhi crossed 300 microgrammes/cubic metre or ‘severe plus’ level for the first time this season. It was a very sudden escalation as the level rose a staggering 68 per cent within 24 hours,” it said. The analysis pointed out that during the previous five years, overall trends show that PM2.5 levels start to rise steadily from the beginning of October. “This year, the levels started to rise from the middle of September. Illustratively, this increase was at a slower rate and by the end of October, the levels were 20-30 per cent lower than the average levels for the corresponding Octobers of the previous five winters – since 2018-19,” it said. It further pointed out that early beginning of bad air quality days this year due to lower rainfall during September and October. “In contrast to the previous winter of 2022-23, the smog episode has started earlier this year. The last day with ‘good’ PM2.5 AQI before the onset of winter was observed on September 9, 2023,” it said. It remains to be seen how many more smog episodes with varying durations may occur this winter. As is the global practice, at least three continuous days of severe AQI is considered as one smog episode. In previous winters, such episodes have been recorded lasting six-10 days the winters between 2018 and 2021 had, on an average, experienced three smog episodes each. During the winter of 2022-23, only one smog episode was recorded from January 6-9. Also, Diwali and late December of 2022-23 did not witness a smog episode (like in the earlier winters). The analysis by CSE’s Urban Lab listed the key factors behind Delhi’s toxic air. The report noted that this spike in pollution levels is not uncommon during this time of the year and is generally associated with stubble burning in north Indian states before farmers start work on the winter crop. Meterological factors helping the movement of smoke to Delhi-NCR is also behind the jump in Delhi’s Air Qualty Index, it said. The report also stated that share of PM2.5 in PM10 is an important indicator of the impact of combustion sources. “While coarser PM10 comes largely from dust sources, the tinier PM2.5 come more from vehicles, industry and open burning. This year the percentage share of PM2.5 in PM10 has crossed 50 per cent, which indicates higher impact of combustion sources. On November 2, the ratio for PM2.5 stood at 60 per cent — highest this season indicating the higher influence of combustion sources,” the report stated. It further said that SAFAR’s estimate has shown that the percentage contribution of farm stubble fire to Delhi’s PM2.5 concentration had crossed 25 per cent on November 2. “It was in the 10-20 per cent range in the week leading to November 2. This is expected to rise in the coming days. The fire instances in Punjab and Haryana are yet to peak. In previous years, on the worst days, its contribution had topped 40 per cent, as generally noted during the middle of November,” it noted. The report also stated that the levels of NO2 – which comes largely from vehicles — are also rising in the region. “This indicates high impact of vehicular pollution. City-wide average NO2 is up by 60 per cent compared to the first week of October last year. Certain high traffic locations have been reporting levels as high as three-four times the 24-hour standard,” it said. ITO is most polluted NO2 location in Delhi, with an average of 219 microgrammes/cubic metre. Nehru Nagar and Siri Fort are the next most polluted NO2 locations in Delhi, the report said.

Urban Lab

दिल्ली में इस बार पराली जलाने से नहीं बढ़ा प्रदूषण, गाड़ियों के धुएं से जहरीली हो रही हवा : स्टडी

देश की राजधानी दिल्ली पिछले कई दिनों से गैस चैंबर (Delhi Air Pollution) बनी हुई है. एयर क्वालिटी (Delhi AQI) हर दिन गिरती जा रही है. अभी ये खतरनाक कैटेगरी में है. बढ़ते प्रदूषण के लिए पड़ोसी राज्यों पंजाब, यूपी, राजस्थान और हरियाणा में पराली जलाने (Stubble burning) को बड़ी वजह माना जा रहा है, लेकिन एक स्टडी के मुताबिक, इस बार दिल्ली में बढ़ते प्रदूषण के पीछे की वजह पराली जलाना या खेतों में लगाई गई आग नहीं है. स्थानीय कारणों से दिल्ली (Delhi Pollution Update) की हवा जहरीली होती जा रही है. दिल्ली के प्रदूषण में पराली की हिस्सेदारी पिछले कुछ सालों के मुकाबले अब तक कम रिकॉर्ड की गई है. दिल्ली में प्रदूषण के आंतरिक स्रोतों की हिस्सेदारी बढ़ गई है सेंटर फॉर साइंस एंड एनवायरनमेंट की एक्जिक्यूटिव डायरेक्टर अनुमिता रॉयचौधरी ने NDTV को बताया कि उनकी हालिया रिपोर्ट में पाया गया है कि दिल्ली-एनसीआर में PM 2.5 का स्तर 2 नवंबर को 24 घंटे के अंदर 68 प्रतिशत बढ़ गया, जो बेहद चौंकाने वाला है. इसकी वजह से प्रदूषण का संकट अचानक गहरा गया." दिल्ली के प्रदूषण में वाहनों का योगदान 50% से 60% तक पर्यावरण विशेषज्ञों के आंकलन के मुताबिक दिल्ली-एनसीआर इलाके में प्रदूषण के आंतरिक स्रोतों में वाहनों का योगदान 50% से 60% तक है, जो बहुत चिंताजनक है. एक तरफ जहां सरकार प्रदूषण संकट से जूझ रही है. वहीं आम लोगों को इसका खामियाजा भुगतना पड़ रहा है

Urban Lab

POLLUTION SPIKES IN DELHI (Syllabus: GS Paper 3 – Env and Eco)

Context: According to an analysis by Delhi-based think tank, Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), the Particulate Matter (PM)2.5 concentration in Delhi saw a recent and alarming spike, with a sudden 68 percent increase within 24 hours on November 2, 2023, marking the first significant pollution surge of the winter season. Key Points “SAFAR’s estimate has shown that the percentage contribution of farm stubble fire to Delhi’s PM2.5 concentration had crossed 25 per cent on November 2. SAFAR or System of Air Quality and Weather Forecasting and Research is a country-wide initiative by the Union Ministry of Earth Sciences, with an objective to provide location-specific information about air quality on a real-time basis. The share of PM2.5 in PM10 is an important indicator of the impact of combustion sources. NO2 or Nitrogen Dioxide levels are also rising in the region. NO2 largely comes from vehicles. Air Quality Index Air Quality Assessment: AQI is a tool for assessing the safety of the air you breathe. Monitoring and Reporting: Organizations responsible for AQI reporting measure the concentration of 6 diverse air pollutants - Particulate matter (PM2. 5 and PM10), Ozone (O3), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Lead (Pb) and Ammonia (NH3) at various monitoring stations. Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) About: It is a not-for-profit public interest research and advocacy organisation based in New Delhi, India. Established in 1980, CSE works as a think tank on environment-development issues in India, poor planning, climate shifts devastating India's Sundarbans and advocates for policy changes and better implementation of the already existing policies.

Clean Air & Sustainable Mobility

Delhi air pollution: Shift to zero emission approach to combat problem, urges expert

Anumita Roychowdhury, Executive Director of the Center for Science and Environment (CSE), highlighted that while stubble burning contributes to 25% of Delhi's air pollution, the remaining 75% stems from vehicular emissions. Despite efforts to phase out older vehicles and introduce CNG technology, the sheer number of vehicles on the road continues to undermine these improvements. "Parali or stubble burning is currently contributing about 25% to the air pollution problem in Delhi but what about the rest of the 75% of the problem which we are yet to address. In Delhi vehicles have emerged as the top contributor to pollution. Even though we have done quite a bit about phasing out old vehicles, bringing CNG in, but now we have to deal with the sheer number of vehicles on the road which is undercutting all the technology improvements that have happened so far. So the agenda now has to be zero emission. The problem is just not about incremental improvement in our emission control but to fundamentally address it and eliminate it at the source of the problem," Roychowdhury said in an interview to CNBC-TV18. In the Delhi-NCR region, air pollution persists in the 'hazardous' category. Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal has announced the implementation of the odd-even policy from November 13-20 and a work-from-home policy for 50% of government staff. The Supreme Court too expressed its concern about deteriorating air quality and ordered Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, and Uttar Pradesh to halt crop burning immediately. The Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC) noted a substantial increase in pollution levels between November 1 and November 5, coinciding with a surge in stubble burning in Punjab and Haryana. The Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) reported 4,160 farm fires in northern India, exacerbating the pollution crisis in Delhi. In Mumbai, air quality remained unhealthy, with several areas reporting an air quality index (AQI) above 200 on Tuesday morning. The overall AQI in the city stood at 145, according to data from the System uof Air Quality and Weather Forecasting and Research (SAFAR)-India. To address rising pollution levels, the Bombay High Court imposed restrictions on construction activities and firecracker bursting. The court temporarily banned construction activities and limited firecracker bursting to the hours between 7 pm and 10 pm.

Clean Air & Sustainable Mobility

Severe air quality alarm in Delhi-National Capital Region before Diwali: Government forecast

A cocktail of traffic and energy emissions, crop residue fires and weather patterns typical for this time of the year has pushed peak concentrations of tiny dust and soot particles far beyond acceptable levels across the National Capital Region (NCR). The peak concentrations of particulate matter smaller than 10 microns (or PM2.5) — small enough to penetrate deep inside human lungs — could exceed acceptable levels up to four-fold over Delhi through this week and rise even higher during Diwali, a government air quality forecast said on Monday. The air quality early warning system run by the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune, has predicted that peak concentrations of PM2.5 will spike up to 250 micrograms per cubic metre every evening over the next three days, dip slightly on Friday and Saturday, and rise on November 12 and 13. The permissible limit for PM2.5 in India is 60 micrograms per cubic metre over a 24-hour period. Environmental experts say the NCR’s air quality, deteriorating over the past week, is a fresh reminder of inadequate air pollution control measures. Central and state authorities over the years have taken several measures to clean up fuels and technology across the transport and industry sectors, control dust sources and discourage crop residue fires. But more action is needed to meet clean air targets, said Anumita Roychowdhury, executive director for research and advocacy at the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), a non-government entity in New Delhi. “Only this (more action) can prevent the buildup of such smog episodes that endanger public health,” she said. Amnesty International also issued a statement on Monday calling for immediate action to address India’s “prolonged air emergency levels”. “The annual air emergency in Delhi is neither a new problem nor one that comes without warning,” Ann Harrison, Amnesty International’s climate adviser said in a statement. “The government’s repeated failure(s) to protect people from exposure to hazardous air in Delhi and surrounding areas risk violating their human rights to life and health,” she said. The CSE said the most notable trend this year has been the sudden and rapid buildup of smog in the early phase of winter. On November 2, PM2.5 levels over Delhi exceeded 300 microgram per cubic metre, rising 68 per cent within 24 hours and reaching the “severe” level for the first time in the season. Weather scientists tracking air quality said wind direction and strength play a critical role in the air quality over the NCR. “The crop stubble fires only add to large baseline levels of other sources of pollution. But the wind direction typically moves the soot like a river towards NCR,” said a scientist who asked not to be named. The Centre has said it has released over Rs 3,300 crore under a crop residue management scheme to discourage paddy straw burning. The Union environment ministry said last month that the counts of paddy straw fires across northern India from mid-September to end-October had dropped from more than 13,600 fires in 2022 to 6,300 in the same period this year.

Urban Lab

Delhi Air Pollution: दिल्लीतील प्रदूषण रोखण्यासाठी सम- विषम फॉर्म्यूला यशस्वी होईल? आतापर्यंत किती फायदा झाला?जाणून घ्या सविस्तर

दिल्लीमध्ये (Delhi) दिवसागणिक प्रदूषणामध्ये वाढ होत असल्याचं चित्र आहे. त्याचप्रमाणे राजधानी दिल्लीचा एअर क्वालिटी इंडेक्स (AQI) हा 400 पार झालाय. त्यामुळे दिल्लीतील प्रदूषण (Pollution) नियंत्रणामध्ये ठेवण्यासाठी सम - विषम फॉर्म्युला लागू करण्याचा निर्णय घेण्यात आलाय. केजरीवाल सरकारने हा निर्णय जाहीर केला. याविषयी बोलतांना दिल्लीचे मुख्यमंत्री अरविंद केजरीवाल (Arvind Kejriwal) यांनी म्हटलं की, वाढणाऱ्या AQI नियंत्रित करण्यासाठी सम- विषम हा फॉर्म्यूला लागू करणं आवश्यक आहे. द इंडियन एक्स्प्रेसच्या वृत्तानुसार, सेंटर फॉर सायन्स अँड एन्व्हायर्नमेंट (सीएसई) ने एक विश्लेषण केले आहे, ज्यामध्ये असे म्हटले आहे की 21 ते 26 ऑक्टोबर दरम्यान दिल्लीच्या वायू प्रदूषणात वाहने सर्वात जास्त कारणीभूत ठरू शकतात. त्यामुळे अशा स्थितीत दिल्लीतील प्रदूषण नियंत्रणात ठेवण्यासाठी सार्वजनिक वाहनांना जास्त महत्त्व देऊ शकते. पहिल्यांदा लागू केला होता सम विषम फॉर्म्यूला आप सरकारने 2016 मध्ये पहिल्यांदा 'सम - विषम' फॉर्म्यूला लागू केला होता. हे वाहन प्रदूषण नियंत्रित करण्यासाठी आणि वाढणारा AQI नियंत्रणात ठेवण्यासाठी हा फॉर्म्यूला कामी आला होता. याअंतर्गत दिल्लीत विषम तारखेला विषम क्रमांक असलेली खासगी वाहने आणि सम तारखेला सम क्रमांक असलेली वाहने चालविण्यास परवानगी देण्यात आली होती. दिल्ली टेक्नॉलॉजिकल युनिव्हर्सिटी (DTU) मध्ये 2016 मध्ये लागू करण्यात आलेल्या सम-विषम नियमाच्या परिणामावर एक अभ्यास करण्यात आला आणि संशोधनात सकारात्मक परिणाम दिसून आले. मात्र, हवेच्या गुणवत्तेत अपेक्षेइतकी सुधारणा झाली नाही. 2017 मध्ये पुन्हा लागू झाला हा फॉर्म्यूला 2017 मध्ये, हा नियम पुन्हा लागू झाला आणि यावेळी सरकारला राजधानीत अपेक्षित सुधारणा झाल्या नाहीत. IIT कानपूरने 2017 मध्ये सम-विषम फॉर्म्यूल्याचा वापर करण्यात आला. त्यानंतर त्यावर अभ्यास देखील केला गेला. फायनान्शियल एक्स्प्रेसच्या अहवालानुसार, दिल्लीत वाहन प्रदूषणाचे प्रमाण सुमारे 20 टक्के आहे, तर दुचाकी वाहनांमुळे यापेक्षा जास्त प्रदूषण होते. अहवालानुसार दुचाकी वाहनांमुळे 56 टक्के प्रदूषण होते. 2019 मध्ये या फॉर्म्यूल्याला किती यश मिळाले? नंतर 2019 मध्ये हा नियम पुन्हा लागू करण्यात आला. कौन्सिल ऑन एनर्जी एन्व्हायर्नमेंट अँड वॉटरच्या अभ्यासानुसार, सम-विषमचा विशेष फायदा नाही. दिल्लीतील वाहतुकीमुळे सर्वाधिक प्रदूषण होत असल्याचे अहवालात म्हटले आहे. याशिवाय दुचाकी वाहनांमुळेही मोठ्या प्रमाणात प्रदूषण होते. विश्लेषकांचं म्हणणं काय? स्कूल ऑफ प्लॅनिंग अँड आर्किटेक्चरचे वरिष्ठ प्राध्यापक आणि शास्त्रज्ञ सेवा राम यांनी इंडियन एक्सप्रेसला सांगितले की, जेव्हा ही योजना लागू केली जाते तेव्हा वाहतूक कोंडी कमी होते आणि त्यामुळे प्रत्येक वाहनातून उत्सर्जित होणाऱ्या वायूंमुळे प्रदूषण कमी होण्यास मदत होते. त्यामुळे, हवेच्या गुणवत्तेची पातळी सुधारण्यावर त्याचा किरकोळ परिणाम होतो. त्याच वेळी, सेंट्रल रोड अँड रिसर्च इन्स्टिट्यूटचे वरिष्ठ प्राध्यापक आणि शास्त्रज्ञ एस वेलमुर्गन म्हणाले की, जर AQI 450 प्लस ते 500 पर्यंत पोहोचला तर सम-विषम लागू केले पाहिजे. त्यासाठी सरकारने देखील काटेकोर नियम करावेत.

Urban Lab

Dietro l’aria tossica di Delhi, il ruolo dei fattori locali è più importante degli incendi agricoli: esperti

Il solo incendio delle stoppie non avrebbe potuto portare a questo allarmante aumento dei livelli di inquinamento atmosferico di Delhi se i fattori locali, comprese le emissioni dei veicoli, non avessero già avvelenato lo skyline della capitale nazionale, ha sottolineato un ultimo rapporto sulla qualità tossica dell’aria di Delhi. Anumita Roychowdhury, direttrice esecutiva del Centro per la scienza e l’ambiente, ha dichiarato a NDTV che il loro ultimo rapporto ha rilevato che i livelli di PM2,5 a Delhi-NCR sono aumentati di uno “sbalorditivo e senza precedenti” 68% in sole 24 ore il 2 novembre. Il picco nei livelli di PM2,5 è stato registrato in un momento in cui il contributo della combustione delle stoppie nei livelli di PM2,5 di Delhi sta gradualmente diminuendo. I dati registrati dal System of Air Quality and Weather Forecasting And Research (SAFAR) e dal Decision Support System For Air Quality Management a Delhi hanno dimostrato che la quota di stoppie bruciate nella concentrazione di PM2,5 di Delhi negli ultimi giorni è stata del 25- Intervallo del 35%: inferiore rispetto agli anni precedenti. È probabile che questa componente aumenti man mano che la combustione delle stoppie raggiunge il suo picco. Alla domanda se ciò significhi che i fattori inquinanti interni stanno alimentando il calo della qualità dell’aria, la Roychowdhury ha risposto: “Assolutamente. Ciò significa che la maggior parte dell’inquinamento proviene da fonti locali. Se non prestiamo attenzione a questo fatto e manteniamo la nostra attenzione su un Per questo motivo non troveremo una soluzione al problema.” L’analisi dell’Urban Lab del CSE elenca i fattori chiave dietro l’aria tossica di Delhi. Il rapporto rileva che questo picco nei livelli di inquinamento non è raro durante questo periodo dell’anno ed è generalmente associato all’incendio delle stoppie negli stati settentrionali dell’India prima che gli agricoltori inizino a lavorare sul raccolto invernale. Anche i fattori meteorologici che aiutano lo spostamento del fumo verso Delhi-NCR sono alla base del balzo dell’indice della qualità dell’aria di Delhi. “Ma bisogna tenere in considerazione che questo rapido aumento in un breve lasso di tempo è in grado di portare la qualità dell’aria in una categoria grave perché l’inquinamento di base proveniente da fonti locali è già molto elevato”, ha affermato Avikal Somvanshi, capo dell’Urban Lab del CSE. Egli ha detto. La signora Roychowdhury ha affermato che il contributo dell’incendio delle stoppie alla concentrazione di PM2,5 di Delhi è inferiore di circa il 25% rispetto agli anni precedenti. “Ciò dimostra che le fonti interne di inquinamento a Delhi sono aumentate. Tra le fonti interne di inquinamento, i veicoli contribuiscono dal 50 al 60% ai livelli di inquinamento di Delhi”, ha affermato. Il rapporto CSE elenca i fattori chiave alla base della qualità dell’aria tossica di Delhi. Si rileva che negli ultimi cinque anni, i livelli di PM2,5 hanno iniziato ad aumentare costantemente verso l’inizio di ottobre. “Quest’anno, i livelli hanno iniziato a salire a partire dalla metà di settembre. A titolo illustrativo, questo aumento è avvenuto a un ritmo più lento e alla fine di ottobre, i livelli erano inferiori del 20-30% rispetto ai livelli medi dei corrispondenti ottobre del cinque inverni precedenti – dal 2018-19”, afferma il rapporto. L’episodio dello smog è iniziato all’inizio di quest’anno rispetto all’anno scorso, afferma il rapporto. -- Indicando il picco dei livelli di PM2,5, il rapporto afferma: “La quota di PM2,5 nel PM10 è un indicatore importante dell’impatto delle fonti di combustione. Mentre il PM10 più grossolano proviene in gran parte da fonti di polvere, il PM2,5 più piccolo arriva di più”. da veicoli, industria e incendi a cielo aperto.” Quest’anno, afferma il rapporto, la quota percentuale di PM2,5 nel PM10 ha superato il 50% e questo “indica un maggiore impatto delle fonti di combustione”.

Urban Lab

सिर्फ पराली की आग नहीं... एक्सपर्ट ने बताया, दिल्ली की जहरीली हवा के लिए कौन है असल जिम्मेदार

नई दिल्ली. अकेले पराली जलाने से दिल्ली के वायु प्रदूषण के स्तर में इतनी खतरनाक वृद्धि नहीं हो सकती थी, अगर वाहन उत्सर्जन सहित स्थानीय कारकों ने पहले से ही राष्ट्रीय राजधानी के आसमान को जहरीला नहीं बनाया होता. दिल्ली की जहरीली वायु गुणवत्ता पर एक नवीनतम रिपोर्ट में यह बात सामने आई है. सेंटर फॉर साइंस एंड एनवायरनमेंट (सीएसई) की कार्यकारी निदेशक अनुमिता रॉयचौधरी ने एनडीटीवी को बताया कि उनकी रिपोर्ट में पाया गया है कि दिल्ली-एनसीआर में पीएम2.5 का स्तर 2 नवंबर को केवल 24 घंटों के भीतर ‘चौंकाने वाला और अभूतपूर्व’ 68 प्रतिशत बढ़ गया था. पीएम2.5 के स्तर में बढ़ोतरी ऐसे समय में दर्ज की गई थी, जब दिल्ली के पीएम2.5 के स्तर में पराली जलाने की भूमिका धीरे-धीरे कम हो रही है. सिस्टम ऑफ एयर क्वालिटी एंड वेदर फोरकास्टिंग एंड रिसर्च (एसएएफएआर) और डिसीजन सपोर्ट सिस्टम फॉर एयर क्वालिटी मैनेजमेंट इन दिल्ली द्वारा दर्ज किए गए आंकड़ों से पता चला है कि पिछले कुछ दिनों में दिल्ली के पीएम2.5 सांद्रता में पराली जलाने की हिस्सेदारी 25 से 35 प्रतिशत के रेंज में रही है, जो कि पिछले वर्षों की तुलना में कम है. जैसे-जैसे पराली जलाना अपने चरम पर पहुंचेगा, इसके बढ़ने की संभावना है. यह पूछे जाने पर कि क्या इसका मतलब यह है कि आंतरिक प्रदूषण कारक हवा की गुणवत्ता में गिरावट का कारण बन रहे हैं, रॉयचौधरी ने कहा, “बिल्कुल. इसका मतलब है कि आने वाला अधिकांश प्रदूषण स्थानीय स्रोतों से है. अगर हम इस तथ्य पर ध्यान नहीं देते हैं और अपना ध्यान एक कारण पर केंद्रित रखते हैं, तो हम समस्या का सही समाधान नहीं ढूंढ पाएंगे.” सीएसई की अर्बन लैब के विश्लेषण में दिल्ली की जहरीली हवा के पीछे प्रमुख कारकों को सूचीबद्ध किया गया है. रिपोर्ट में कहा गया है कि वर्ष के इस समय के दौरान प्रदूषण के स्तर में यह वृद्धि असामान्य नहीं है और आमतौर पर उत्तर भारतीय राज्यों में किसानों द्वारा सर्दियों की फसल पर काम शुरू करने से पहले पराली जलाने से जुड़ी होती है. दिल्ली की वायु गुणवत्ता सूचकांक (एक्यूआई) में उछाल के पीछे दिल्ली-एनसीआर में धुएं की आवाजाही में मदद करने वाले मौसम संबंधी कारक भी हैं. सीएसई के अर्बन लैब के प्रमुख अविकल सोमवंशी ने कहा, “लेकिन यह ध्यान में रखा जाना चाहिए कि कम समय में यह तीव्र वृद्धि हवा की गुणवत्ता को गंभीर श्रेणी में ले जाने में सक्षम है क्योंकि स्थानीय स्रोतों से बेसलाइन प्रदूषण पहले से ही बहुत अधिक है.”

Urban Lab

‘हमारा बुल्डोजर चला तो रुकेगा नहीं’…प्रदूषण पर सुप्रीम कोर्ट की सख्त टिप्पणी !

दिल्ली-एनसीआर का समूचा क्षेत्र प्रदूषण के भयंकर संकट के दौर से गुजर रहा है। केंद्र हो या राज्य सरकारें और प्रशासन अपनी जिम्मेदारी से पल्ला झाड़ने में सबकी अपनी-अपनी दलीलें हैं। टोपी ट्रांसफर के इस खेल के बीच अब सुप्रीम कोर्ट की इंट्री हुई है। देश की सुप्रीम अदालत ने दिल्ली-एनसीआर के हाल पर सख्त नाराजगी दिखाते हुए संबंधित सरकारों को निर्देश दिया है कि दिल्ली के हालात सुधरने चाहिए, ये कैसे होगा ये आप जानें। शीर्ष अदालत 10 तारीख को मामले पर सुनवाई करेगी। सुप्रीम कोर्ट के तेवर बहुत सख्त थे। अदालत ने कहा कि ये हर साल का दस्तूर है। फौरी रिलीफ वाले कुछ कदम उठा लिए जाते हैं। मामले के समाधान के लिए कोई दूरगामी रणनीति और सोच नहीं दिखाई देती। अदालत ने कहा कि पराली से अगर प्रदूषण बढ़ रहा है तो इसे तुरंत रोका जाना चाहिए। पंजाब में पराली जलने से रोकने की जिम्मेदारी संबंधित थाना क्षेत्रों के एसएचओ को सौंपी जाए। सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने पूछा कि क्या ये समस्या सिर्फ पराली जलाने के कारण है, क्या दूसरी वजहें नहीं हैं, सरकारें क्यों नहीं मिलकर रणनीति बनाती। एकदूसरे पर ठीकरा फोड़ने के बजाए प्रदूषण से दिल्ली-एनसीआर को कैसे बचाया जाए इस बारे में काम किया जाना चाहिए। इस मामले में सरकार का पक्ष रख रहे वरिष्ठ वकील गोपाल एस ने बताया कि इस वर्ष पराली जलाने की घटना में 40 फीसदी की कमी आई है। इस पर सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने कहा कि इससे काम नहीं चलेगा, पराली जलाना पूरी तरह बंद करना होगा। सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने कहा कि दिल्ली में प्रदूषण के ऐसे हालात कायम नहीं रह सकते हैं। सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने कहा कि अब बर्दाश्त से बाहर हो रहा है, अगर हमने बुल्डोजर चलाना शुरू कर दिया तो रुकेंगे नहीं। अदालत ने कहा कि, प्रदूषण नियंत्रण के लिए ऑ़ड-इवेन जैसे आपात उपायों से कोई बहुत फर्क पड़ने वाला नहीं है। दम फुलाती दिल्ली मौसम विभाग के अनुसार, दिल्ली में अगले कुछ दिनों तक प्रदूषण के स्तर में कोई खास फर्क नहीं पड़ने वाला है। राजधानी और एनसीआर के समूचे इलाके में दमघोंटू हवा के चलते स्कूलों को बंद कर दिया गया है। ग्रैप- 4 लागू होने के बाद दिल्ली में दूसरे राज्यों से दाखिल होने वाले डीजल वाहनों पर रोक लगा दी गई है। अस्पतालों में भी सांस, दमे और दिल के मरीजों की संख्या तेजी से बढ़ रही है। एक उम्मीद 9 नवंबर के आसपास है जिसमें पश्चिमी विक्षोभ के कारण दिल्ली में हल्की बारिश की उम्मीद जताई गई है। अगर ऐसा हुआ तो कुछ हद तक प्रदूषण कम हो सकता है। प्रदूषण का विश्लेषण सेंटर फॉर साइंस एंड एनवायरनमेंट (सीएसई) ने दिल्ली-एनसीआर के क्षेत्र में प्रदूषण की स्थिति पर गंभीर चिंता जताई है। सीएसई ने अपने एक विश्लेषण में कहा है कि, इस गंभीर स्थिति के बाद दिल्ली और एनसीआर में प्रदूषण के सभी प्रमुख स्रोतों जैसे वाहन, उद्योग, बिजली संयंत्र, अपशिष्ट जलाने और ठोस ईंधन आदि पर गंभीर कार्रवाई की जरूरत है। विश्लेषण में बताया गया है कि इस साल, नवंबर की शुरुआत में एक ही दिन के भीतर दिल्ली-एनसीआर में पीएम 2.5 का स्तर आश्चर्यजनक तरीके से 68 प्रतिशत तक बढ़ गया। सीएसई की कार्यकारी निदेशक अनुमिता रॉयचौधरी ने कहा कि, इन तमाम प्रदूषणों से निपटने के लिए सरकार की ओर से केवल आपातकालीन कार्रवाई ही पर्याप्त नहीं होगी बल्कि इसे खत्म करने के लिए एक नियोजित कार्यक्रम और यहां के बुनियादी ढांचे में सुधार के लिए कार्रवाई की जरूरत है।

Urban Lab

Delhi Smog: दिल्ली के स्मॉग का है बारिश से कनेक्शन!, पलूशन पर CSE की रिपोर्ट चौंका रही

नई दिल्ली: दिल्ली-एनसीआर में पलूशन से लोग परेशान हैं। पूरे समय फिजाओं में धुंध की सफेद चादर देखने को मिल रही है। आंखों में जलन के साथ लोगों का खांस-खांसकर बुरा हाल है। इस बीच सेंटर फॉर साइंस एंड एनवायरनमेंट (CSE) ने एक रिपोर्ट जारी की है। रिपोर्ट बताती है कि इस साल शहर में स्मॉग और खराब हवा पिछले साल की तुलना में पहले शुरू हो गई। इसके लिए सितंबर और अक्टूबर में कम बारिश जिम्मेगदार है। रिपोर्ट में उल्लेख किया गया है कि दिल्ली में 2022-23 की सर्दियों के दौरान, ऐसा ही एक स्मॉग का पीरियड 6 जनवरी से 9 जनवरी तक दर्ज किया गया था।मौसम विभाग (IMD) के अनुसार, इस साल दिल्ली में अक्टूबर माह में बारिश में 64 प्रतिशत की कमी और सितंबर में 33 प्रतिशत की कमी दर्ज की गई है। इस बार समय से पहले आ गया स्मॉग सीएसई की रिपोर्ट ने नवंबर में पीएम के स्तर में अचानक आई वृद्धि और तेजी से बढ़ने के बारे में भी बताया गया है। यह समझाते हुए कहा गया है कि 2 नवंबर को, दिल्ली में पीएम 2.5 का स्तर इस सीजन में पहली बार 300 µg/m3 या कहें गंभीर स्तर को पार कर गया। 24 घंटों के भीतर 68 प्रतिशत की वृद्धि काफी ज्यादा है । पिछले पांच वर्षों में, PM2.5 का स्तर अक्टूबर की शुरुआत से ही लगातार बढ़ना शुरू हो गया था। हालांकि, इस साल PM2.5 का स्तर सितंबर के मध्य से ही बढ़ना शुरू हो गया। ज्यादातर वाहनों से जबकि नाइट्रोजन डाइऑक्साइड का कंसंट्रेशन बढ़ रहा है और पार्टिकुलेट मैटर का स्तर भी उच्च है। 2 नवंबर को औसत NO2 स्तर 58.4 µg/m3 था, जो 24 अक्टूबर को 28.6 µg/m3 से ऊपर था। रिपोर्ट में उल्लेख किया गया है कि दिल्ली में 2022-23 की सर्दियों के दौरान, ऐसा ही एक स्मॉग पीरियड 6 जनवरी से 9 जनवरी तक दर्ज किया गया था। वैश्विक रूप से , लगातार तीन दिनों तक गंभीर AQI को एक स्मॉग एपिसोड माना जाता है। पिछले वर्षों में सर्दियों में, ऐसे एपिसोड 6 से 10 दिनों तक चलने वाले दर्ज किए गए हैं।

Urban Lab

Stubble burning not only to blame for alarming spike in air quality in Delhi: CSE report

Delhi’s pollution level – PM2.5 concentration – saw its first huge spike of this winter season on November 2 with a sudden and staggering 68 per cent jump within 24 hours, crossing 313 microgramme per metre cubed which was equivalent to "severe plus" category as per the Air Quality Index (AQI) concentration range, the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) said in its latest study. It also said that stubble burning alone could not have led to this alarming spike in Delhi's air pollution levels if local factors, including vehicle emissions, had not already poisoned the national capital's air. Releasing the new analysis by CSE of the deadly winter pollution that has gripped Delhi-NCR these days, CSE Executive Director, Research and Advocacy, Anumita Roychowdhury said: "This winter season has started with a much higher pollution level compared to November last year. The combination of adverse meteorological conditions, onset of crop residue burning, and high local pollution has tilted the scale dangerously, increasing public health risk. "Even though the overall long-term pollution curve is stable and downward, it is still significantly above the national ambient air quality standards. This demands most stringent and sustained action on vehicles, industry, energy systems and waste management across the region." The analysis has been done by CSE’s Urban Lab, whose head Avikal Somvanshi said: "This kind of rapid build-up is not uncommon during this part of the season and is generally associated with smoke-fall from farm stubble fire and meteorological factors assisting transportation of the smoke to Delhi-NCR and topping the high local pollution. "But it must be kept in consideration that this rapid build-up in a short time span is able to tip air quality into severe category because baseline pollution from local sources is already very high." The report pointed out that the most notable trend this year is the "sudden and rapid build-up of smog" episode in this early phase of winter. "On November 2, PM2.5 levels in Delhi crossed 300 microgrammes/cubic metre or 'severe plus' level for the first time this season. It was a very sudden escalation as the level rose a staggering 68 per cent within 24 hours," it said. The analysis pointed out that during the previous five years, overall trends show that PM2.5 levels start to rise steadily from the beginning of October. "This year, the levels started to rise from the middle of September. Illustratively, this increase was at a slower rate and by the end of October, the levels were 20-30 per cent lower than the average levels for the corresponding Octobers of the previous five winters – since 2018-19," it said. It further pointed out that early beginning of bad air quality days this year due to lower rainfall during September and October. "In contrast to the previous winter of 2022-23, the smog episode has started earlier this year. The last day with 'good' PM2.5 AQI before the onset of winter was observed on September 9, 2023," it said. It remains to be seen how many more smog episodes with varying durations may occur this winter. As is the global practice, at least three continuous days of severe AQI is considered as one smog episode. In previous winters, such episodes have been recorded lasting six-10 days the winters between 2018 and 2021 had, on an average, experienced three smog episodes each. During the winter of 2022-23, only one smog episode was recorded from January 6-9. Also, Diwali and late December of 2022-23 did not witness a smog episode (like in the earlier winters). The analysis by CSE's Urban Lab listed the key factors behind Delhi's toxic air. The report noted that this spike in pollution levels is not uncommon during this time of the year and is generally associated with stubble burning in north Indian states before farmers start work on the winter crop. Meterological factors helping the movement of smoke to Delhi-NCR is also behind the jump in Delhi's Air Qualty Index, it said. The report also stated that share of PM2.5 in PM10 is an important indicator of the impact of combustion sources. "While coarser PM10 comes largely from dust sources, the tinier PM2.5 come more from vehicles, industry and open burning. This year the percentage share of PM2.5 in PM10 has crossed 50 per cent, which indicates higher impact of combustion sources. On November 2, the ratio for PM2.5 stood at 60 per cent -- highest this season indicating the higher influence of combustion sources," the report stated. It further said that SAFAR's estimate has shown that the percentage contribution of farm stubble fire to Delhi’s PM2.5 concentration had crossed 25 per cent on November 2. "It was in the 10-20 per cent range in the week leading to November 2. This is expected to rise in the coming days. The fire instances in Punjab and Haryana are yet to peak. In previous years, on the worst days, its contribution had topped 40 per cent, as generally noted during the middle of November," it noted. The report also stated that the levels of NO2 – which comes largely from vehicles -- are also rising in the region. "This indicates high impact of vehicular pollution. City-wide average NO2 is up by 60 per cent compared to the first week of October last year. Certain high traffic locations have been reporting levels as high as three-four times the 24-hour standard," it said. ITO is most polluted NO2 location in Delhi, with an average of 219 microgrammes/cubic metre. Nehru Nagar and Siri Fort are the next most polluted NO2 locations in Delhi, the report said. Source: IANS Facebook Comments Stubble burning not only to blame for alarming spike in air quality in Delhi: CSE report About Gopi Gopi Adusumilli is a Programmer. He is the editor of SocialNews.XYZ and President of AGK Fire Inc. He enjoys designing websites, developing mobile applications and publishing news articles on current events from various authenticated news sources. When it comes to writing he likes to write about current world politics and Indian Movies. His future plans include developing SocialNews.XYZ into a News website that has no bias or judgment towards any. He can be reached at gopi@socialnews.xyz Mail | Web | Twitter Like this: Loading... For people aged 20 to 67: how to start investing in companies like WalmartCPX| Sponsored Blood Sugar Above 3.9? 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Urban Lab

दिल्ली में इस बार पराली जलाने से नहीं बढ़ा प्रदूषण, गाड़ियों के धुएं से जहरीली हो रही हवा : स्टडी

सेंटर फॉर साइंस एंड एनवायरनमेंट की एक्जिक्यूटिव डायरेक्टर अनुमिता रॉयचौधरी ने The Hindkeshariको बताया कि उनकी हालिया रिपोर्ट में पाया गया है कि दिल्ली-एनसीआर में PM 2.5 का स्तर 2 नवंबर को 24 घंटे के अंदर 68 प्रतिशत बढ़ गया, जो बेहद चौंकाने वाला है. इसकी वजह से प्रदूषण का संकट अचानक गहरा गया.”

Urban Lab

Stubble burning not only to blame for alarming spike in air quality in Delhi: CSE report

Urban Lab