Farm stubble burning on rise in Punjab and Haryana, but winds ward off threat in Delhi
NEW DELHI: Stubble burning cases are going up in the neighbouring states as the rabi crop harvest season is underway in the northern plains. Punjab and Haryana have recorded nearly 12,400 and 3,000 wheat stubble burning cases, respectively, so far this year. It is, however, lower than last year because rain delayed harvesting, said experts. The impact of stubble burning on Delhi's air quality is negligible in summer because of the wind speed but experts said stringent action was needed to ensure that farmland fire instances don't increase during winter. TimesView The fresh stubble burning incidents means that much more needs to be done to bring out a behavioural change among the farmers. It also means that in the winter the capital's pollution level would be adversely affected again. The governments of these states and the NCR should try to hammer out a solution as early as possible. Satellite data, analysed by the Council on Energy, Environment and Water (CEEW), has shown that 12,388 farmland fires were seen in Punjab and 2,968 in Haryana between April 16 and May 14 this year. Track the pollution level in your city In the same period, 18,801 and 4,903 stubble burning cases were recorded in Punjab and Haryana in 2022. Punjab saw 9,382 and Haryana witnessed 4,546 farm fires during the same period in 2021. L S Kurinji, a programme associate with CEEW, said: "So far, Punjab and Haryana have recorded nearly 12,400 and 3,000 wheat stubble burning cases, respectively. The states reported lower counts this year compared to the corresponding period last year because of unseasonal rain in March and April and the subsequent delayed harvest." She added that such fires were more in Ferozepur, Moga, Sangrur, Gurdaspur, Amritsar and Bathinda in Punjab and Karnal, Fatehabad, Sirsa, Kaithal and Sind in Haryana. Kurinji said while Rabi farm fires pale in comparison to the magnitude of Kharif fires, it is a reminder to act fast for the bigger winter problem. "Within a few weeks, farmers will start growing paddy. As an immediate step, state authorities must prioritise actions that limit residue generation and increase the cropping window. This includes phasing out PUSA 44, promoting early mature varieties like PR 126, switching to direct-seed rice and meeting the crop diversification target by promoting alternative crops," Kurinji said. She added that the wheat residue is highly valued by livestock rearing communities for fodder and biofuel producers due to lower moisture content compared to paddy straw. Therefore, farmers must encash the wheat residue instead of opting for burning. Anumita Roychowdhury, the executive director, research and advocacy at the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), said: "The impact of farm fires on Delhi's air quality is expected to be minimal in summer due to high winds and more open natural ventilation. But there seems to be some contribution as is evident from the ongoing real time source apportionment study of the Delhi government." She said: "This shows the combined impact of farm fires and other biomass burning."
