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Cse In News

Pollution will increase in Delhi-NCR as the twin tower falls, the effect may remain in Noida, CSE experts say

The day of demolition of supertech twin towers made in Noida has come to a close. For this, the process of explosion in buildings has also been completed. Both these towers will be destroyed on 28 August. People living in nearby buildings will also be removed from there for a day to avoid huge amounts of dust and soil pollution and stay safe during building fall. However, according to environmental experts, the issue is not only for one day dust and soil, but the air pollution produced by the fall of buildings will bother for several days. Not only this, this discomfort will not only have to face environmental pollution problems to people living in the area of ​​twin tower, but the level of pollution is expected to increase in the entire Panchayat NCR. Center for Science and Environment Clean Air Campaign Program Manager Avikal Somvanshi says that the work of demolishing the twin tower is being done according to the whole rules and regulations. Water tenders will be present with automatic water sprinkler for dust occurring during the disciplination. Apart from this, everything is being taken care of from safety to rescue of people, but for the first time in India, such large buildings are being demolished by explosions, its effect will be seen in Delhi-NCR air. Whenever a small house is built or a small building is demolished, dust and soil spread in that area for weeks, whereas these are more than 100 meters high and much larger buildings. Avikal says It is a good thing that these buildings are being dropped in this season. While the wind is also moving and the rain is also the season. If it rains after the buildings fall, it will be very good. This will make big and small particles of flying dust, pollution. There will be less suffocation and pollution in the air and it will be better for the people living around but if there is no rain and strong wind blows, then these soil particles will fly away. This will definitely be present in the air and will increase pollution besides harassing the people living around the twin tower. From this, it is estimated that the pollution level of Delhi-NCR will increase and especially the impact on Noida's air quality can be seen. Avikal says that many things are done to prevent pollution in small buildings. Huh. Apart from pouring water on the dust, that area is covered with green cover but it is more big building, it is very difficult to protect it so much and then it is being dropped through the explosion from above. So after the explosion in buildings, the whole debris will not be cleaned from that place. Till then, as the wind blows, there will be trouble. They say that four towers were dropped in Kochi and Maradu in Kerala. It took more than two months to remove debris from that place. Due to this, pollution in the air there was seen to be increased by five times. The brunt of this malfunction in the air quality had to bear the people there as health problems. There will be a lot of debris from the twin towers of Noida, which will be completely clean in one to two months, so it is no less than a challenge for the people living there. However, to a large extent, things will depend on weather and wind speed.

North India most-polluted region in 2022 summers: CSE : The Tribune India

North India emerged as the most-polluted region in the country in summers this year with Delhi-NCR being the hotspot, according to a new analysis by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE). The green think-tank said the average PM2.5 concentration in north India in summers stood at 71 microgram per cubic metre. It was 69 microgram per cubic metre in east India, 54 microgram per cubic metre in west India, and 46 microgram per cubic metre in central India, it said. Northeast India (35 microgram per cubic metre) and South India (31 microgram per cubic metre) were cleaner compared to other regions, it said. In north India, Delhi-NCR was found to be the most-polluted sub-region, with Bhiwadi reporting the highest average PM2.5 concentration of 134 microgram per cubic metre. Manesar reported average PM2.5 concentration of 119 microgram per cubic metre, Ghaziabad (101 microgram per cubic metre), Delhi (97 microgram per cubic metre), Gurugram (94 microgram per cubic metre) and Noida (80 microgram per cubic metre), it said. PM2.5 summer average of Delhi-NCR region is almost three times the average of the cities in southern India. The CSE used granular real-time data from the Central Pollution Control Board’s portal—Central Control Room for Air Quality Management for the analysis. The data is captured from 356 official stations under the Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System (CAAQMS) spread across 174 cities in 26 states and Union territories. PTI

North India most-polluted region in 2022 summers: CSE

North India emerged as the most-polluted region in the country in summers this year with Delhi-NCR being the hotspot, according to a new analysis by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE). The green think-tank said the average PM2.5 concentration in north India in summers stood at 71 microgram per cubic metre. It was 69 microgram per cubic metre in east India, 54 microgram per cubic metre in west India, and 46 microgram per cubic metre in central India, it said. Northeast India (35 microgram per cubic metre) and South India (31 microgram per cubic metre) were cleaner compared to other regions, it said. In north India, Delhi-NCR was found to be the most-polluted sub-region, with Bhiwadi reporting the highest average PM2.5 concentration of 134 microgram per cubic metre. Manesar reported average PM2.5 concentration of 119 microgram per cubic metre, Ghaziabad (101 microgram per cubic metre), Delhi (97 microgram per cubic metre), Gurugram (94 microgram per cubic metre) and Noida (80 microgram per cubic metre), it said. PM2.5 summer average of Delhi-NCR region is almost three times the average of the cities in southern India. The CSE used granular real-time data from the Central Pollution Control Board’s portal — Central Control Room for Air Quality Management for the analysis. The data is captured from 356 official stations under the Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System (CAAQMS) spread across 174 cities in 26 states and Union territories.

North India most-polluted location in 2022 summers: CSE – Times of India

North India emerged as the most-polluted area in the place in summers this yr with Delhi-NCR remaining the hotspot, in accordance to a new examination by the Centre for Science and Setting (CSE). The eco-friendly believe-tank claimed the regular PM2.5 concentration in north India in summers stood at 71 microgram per cubic metre. It was 69 microgram per cubic metre in east India, 54 microgram for each cubic metre in west India, and 46 microgram per cubic metre in central India, it explained. Northeast India (35 microgram per cubic metre) and South India (31 microgram per cubic metre) were being cleaner in comparison to other locations, it said. In north India, Delhi-NCR was uncovered to be the most-polluted sub-region, with Bhiwadi reporting the optimum typical PM2.5 focus of 134 microgram for each cubic metre. Manesar noted average PM2.5 focus of 119 microgram for every cubic metre, Ghaziabad (101 microgram for each cubic metre), Delhi (97 microgram for every cubic metre), Gurugram (94 microgram for every cubic metre) and Noida (80 microgram per cubic metre), it said. PM2.5 summer season regular of Delhi-NCR region is practically 3 periods the average of the metropolitan areas in southern India. The CSE utilised granular serious-time info from the Central Pollution Handle Board’s portal — Central Management Space for Air Excellent Management for the investigation. The data is captured from 356 official stations beneath the Steady Ambient Air Good quality Monitoring Technique (CAAQMS) unfold throughout 174 metropolitan areas in 26 states and Union territories

North India most-polluted region in 2022 summers: CSE – Times of India

North India emerged as the most-polluted region in the country in summers this year with Delhi-NCR being the hotspot, according to a new analysis by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE). The green think-tank said the average PM2.5 concentration in north India in summers stood at 71 microgram per cubic metre. It was 69 microgram per cubic metre in east India, 54 microgram per cubic metre in west India, and 46 microgram per cubic metre in central India, it said. Northeast India (35 microgram per cubic metre) and South India (31 microgram per cubic metre) were cleaner compared to other regions, it said. In north India, Delhi-NCR was found to be the most-polluted sub-region, with Bhiwadi reporting the highest average PM2.5 concentration of 134 microgram per cubic metre. Manesar reported average PM2.5 concentration of 119 microgram per cubic metre, Ghaziabad (101 microgram per cubic metre), Delhi (97 microgram per cubic metre), Gurugram (94 microgram per cubic metre) and Noida (80 microgram per cubic metre), it said. PM2.5 summer average of Delhi-NCR region is almost three times the average of the cities in southern India. The CSE used granular real-time data from the Central Pollution Control Board’s portal — Central Control Room for Air Quality Management for the analysis. The data is captured from 356 official stations under the Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System (CAAQMS) spread across 174 cities in 26 states and Union territories.

North India most-polluted region in 2022 summers: CSE

North India emerged as the most-polluted region in the country in summers this year with Delhi-NCR being the hotspot, according to a new analysis by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE). The green think-tank said the average PM2.5 concentration in north India in summers stood at 71 microgram per cubic metre. t was 69 microgram per cubic metre in east India, 54 microgram per cubic metre in west India, and 46 microgram per cubic metre in central India, it said. Northeast India (35 microgram per cubic metre) and South India (31 microgram per cubic metre) were cleaner compared to other regions, it said. In north India, Delhi-NCR was found to be the most-polluted sub-region, with Bhiwadi reporting the highest average PM2.5 concentration of 134 microgram per cubic metre. Manesar reported average PM2.5 concentration of 119 microgram per cubic metre, Ghaziabad (101 microgram per cubic metre), Delhi (97 microgram per cubic metre), Gurugram (94 microgram per cubic metre) and Noida (80 microgram per cubic metre), it said. PM2.5 summer average of Delhi-NCR region is almost three times the average of the cities in southern India. The CSE used granular real-time data from the Central Pollution Control Board’s portal—Central Control Room for Air Quality Management for the analysis. The data is captured from 356 official stations under the Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System (CAAQMS) spread across 174 cities in 26 states and Union territories. PTI

North India is most polluted, Delhi-NCR area a hotspot: Research

North India is most polluted with the Delhi-NCR area being a hotspot based on new information. A nationwide evaluation by the Centre for Science and Atmosphere (CSE) has put forth that the Particulate Matter2.5 common within the northern capital area is sort of 3 times the typical of cities in southern India. Whereas air pollution this summer time has been larger than air pollution final summer time; the very best each day peak of air pollution has been recorded in cities of Bihar. It’s also attention-grabbing to notice that it’s not the mega cities that are most polluted however smaller cities have change into air pollution hotspots. Bhiwandi in Rajasthan tops the record. The excessive stage of summer time air pollution is the results of a mixture of air pollution from autos, business, energy crops, waste burning, and mud sources and wind-blown mud, aggravated by warmth and arid circumstances. For the examine, information from March 1 to Might 31 has been thought-about. Apart from the truth that Delhi-NCR is essentially the most polluted, different main findings are that each day peak air pollution was the very best in east India, with cities of Bihar recording the very best ranges: Summer time each day peak PM2.5 ranges for east India stood at 168 µg/m³, the very best amongst all of the areas. North India with 142 µg/m³ summer time peak was the second worst. West India (106 µg/m³), central India (89 µg/m³), cortheast India (81 µg/m³) and south India (65 µg/m³) additionally recorded summer time peak in extra of 60 µg/m. Inside north India, Delhi NCR was discovered to be most polluted sub-region. The cities of Bihar recorded very excessive summer time PM2.5 averages, with Bihar Sharif reporting the very best summer time peak of 285 µg/m³. Katihar (245 µg/m³) and Patna (200 µg/m³) additionally recorded peak stage in extra of 200 µg/m³. Rohtak recorded the very best peak air pollution in north India with a 258 µg/m³ each day peak. One other key discovering is that north India has recorded a staggering 23 per cent improve in seasonal PM2.5 stage in comparison with the earlier summer time. Inside north India, NCR was the worst performing sub-region with 25.8 per cent improve in seasonal PM2.5 stage. Central India registered improve of 15.6 per cent whereas west India (4.2 per cent) and east India (1.8 per cent) registered improve below 5 per cent. South India confirmed no change within the seasonal common however noticed a decline of twenty-two per cent in seasonal peak. Northeast India registered drop in each seasonal common (-12.8 per cent) and seasonal peak (-18.3 per cent). East India was the one area which registered a rise in its seasonal peak in comparison with final summer time. In south India, eight cities present an growing development. Kozhikode noticed a bounce of 76 per cent in summer time common and 17 per cent improve in peak. Kochi has essentially the most divergent development with 55 per cent improve in the summertime common however its peak improve by 145 per cent. Different cities with growing development within the area are Madikeri, Bengaluru, Puducherry, Amravati, Chikkaballapur, and Thiruvananthapuram. “This evaluation identifies the distinctive patterns of air pollution throughout all areas and places a highlight on numerous cities and cities that don’t get coverage consideration. Summer time particulate air pollution spikes as a consequence of arid circumstances, excessive summer time warmth and temperature, and extra airborne mud particles that journey lengthy distances compounding the issue from native sources,” stated Anumita Roychowdhury, govt director, analysis and advocacy, CSE.

North India most-polluted region in 2022 summers: CSE

North India emerged as the most-polluted region in the country in summers this year with Delhi-NCR being the hotspot, according to a new analysis by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE). The green think-tank said the average PM2.5 concentration in north India in summers stood at 71 microgram per cubic metre. It was 69 microgram per cubic metre in east India, 54 microgram per cubic metre in west India, and 46 microgram per cubic metre in central India, it said. Northeast India (35 microgram per cubic metre) and South India (31 microgram per cubic metre) were cleaner compared to other regions, it said. In north India, Delhi-NCR was found to be the most-polluted sub-region, with Bhiwadi reporting the highest average PM2.5 concentration of 134 microgram per cubic metre. Manesar reported average PM2.5 concentration of 119 microgram per cubic metre, Ghaziabad (101 microgram per cubic metre), Delhi (97 microgram per cubic metre), Gurugram (94 microgram per cubic metre) and Noida (80 microgram per cubic metre), it said. PM2.5 summer average of Delhi-NCR region is almost three times the average of the cities in southern India. The CSE used granular real-time data from the Central Pollution Control Board’s portal — Central Control Room for Air Quality Management for the analysis. The data is captured from 356 official stations under the Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System (CAAQMS) spread across 174 cities in 26 states and Union territories.

North India most polluted region in summer 2022: CSE – Times of India – India Times English News

North India emerged as the most polluted region in the country this summer, with Delhi-NCR being the hotspot, according to a new analysis. Science and Environment Center ,CSE, The green think-tank said that the average PM2.5 concentration in northern India in summer was 71 micrograms per cubic metre. It was 69 micrograms per cubic meter in East India, 54 micrograms per cubic meter in West India and 46 micrograms per cubic meter in Central India. Northeast India (35 micrograms per cubic metre) and South India (31 micrograms per cubic metre) were cleaner than other regions, it said. In northern India, Delhi-NCR was found to be the most polluted sub-region, with Bhiwadi recording the highest average PM2.5 concentration of 134 micrograms per cubic metre. Manesar reported an average PM2.5 concentration of 119 micrograms per cubic metre, Ghaziabad (101 micrograms per cubic metre), Delhi (97 micrograms per cubic metre). Gurugram (94 micrograms per cubic metre) and Noida (80 micrograms per cubic metre), it said. The PM2.5 summer average of the Delhi-NCR region is almost three times that of the cities in southern India. The CSE used real-time data from the Central Pollution Control Board’s portal – Central Control Room for Air Quality Management – for analysis. The data has been captured from 356 official stations under the Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System (CAAQMS) spread over 174 cities in 26 states and union territories.

North India most-polluted region in 2022 summers: CSE – Times of India

North India emerged as the most-polluted region in the country in summers this year with Delhi-NCR being the hotspot, according to a new analysis by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE). The green think-tank said the average PM2.5 concentration in north India in summers stood at 71 microgram per cubic metre. It was 69 microgram per cubic metre in east India, 54 microgram per cubic metre in west India, and 46 microgram per cubic metre in central India, it said. Northeast India (35 microgram per cubic metre) and South India (31 microgram per cubic metre) were cleaner compared to other regions, it said. In north India, Delhi-NCR was found to be the most-polluted sub-region, with Bhiwadi reporting the highest average PM2.5 concentration of 134 microgram per cubic metre. Manesar reported average PM2.5 concentration of 119 microgram per cubic metre, Ghaziabad (101 microgram per cubic metre), Delhi (97 microgram per cubic metre), Gurugram (94 microgram per cubic metre) and Noida (80 microgram per cubic metre), it said. PM2.5 summer average of Delhi-NCR region is almost three times the average of the cities in southern India. The CSE used granular real-time data from the Central Pollution Control Board’s portal — Central Control Room for Air Quality Management for the analysis. The data is captured from 356 official stations under the Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System (CAAQMS) spread across 174 cities in 26 states and Union territories.

North India most polluted region in summer 2022: CSE : The Tribune IndiaNews JANI

According to a new analysis by the Center for Science and Environment (CSE), north India has emerged as the most polluted region in the country this summer with the Delhi-NCR hotspot. The green think-tank said the average PM2.5 concentration in northern India during summer was 71 micrograms per cubic metre. It was 69 micrograms per cubic meter in eastern India, 54 micrograms per cubic meter in western India and 46 micrograms per cubic meter in central India, it said. Northeast India (35 micrograms per cubic meter) and south India (31 micrograms per cubic meter) were cleaner than other regions, it said. In North India, Delhi-NCR was found to be the most polluted sub-region, with Bhiwadi having the highest average PM2.5 concentration of 134 micrograms per cubic metre. The average PM2.5 concentration in Manesa is 119 micrograms per cubic meter, Ghaziabad (101 micrograms per cubic meter), Delhi (97 micrograms per cubic meter), Gurugram (94 micrograms per cubic meter) and Noida (80 micrograms per cubic meter). The Delhi-NCR region’s summer average PM2.5 is almost three times the average for South Indian cities. CSE used granular real-time data from Central Control Room for Air Quality Management – Central Pollution Control Board’s portal for analysis. Data were collected from 356 official stations under the Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System (CAAQMS) spread over 174 cities in 26 states and union territories. PTI

North India’s most polluted region in summer 2022: CSE: The Tribune IndiaNews WAALI

Northern India has emerged as the country’s most polluted region during the summers this year, with Delhi-NCR being the hotspot, according to a new analysis by the Center for Science and Environment (CSE). The green think tank said the average summer PM2.5 concentration in north India is 71 micrograms per cubic metre. It was 69 micrograms per cubic meter in East India, 54 micrograms per cubic meter in West India and 46 micrograms per cubic meter in Central India, it said. - Advertisement - Northeast India (35 micrograms per cubic meter) and southern India (31 micrograms per cubic meter) are cleaner compared to other regions, it said. In northern India, Delhi-NCR was identified as the most polluted sub-region, with Bhiwadi reporting the highest average PM2.5 concentration of 134 micrograms per cubic metre. - Advertisement - Manesar reported an average PM2.5 concentration of 119 micrograms per cubic metre, Ghaziabad (101 micrograms per cubic metre), Delhi (97 micrograms per cubic metre), Gurugram (94 micrograms per cubic metre) and Noida (80 micrograms per cubic metre). it said. The PM2.5 summer average of the Delhi-NCR region is almost three times the average of cities in southern India. The CSE used real-time, granular data from the Central Pollution Control Board portal – Central Control Room for Air Quality Management – ​​for the analysis. Data is collected from 356 official stations as part of the Continuous Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System (CAAQMS) spread across 174 cities in 26 states and union territories.

Delhi-NCR emerges as the most polluted city in north India; North India the most polluted region in the country

North India emerged as the most-polluted region in the country in summers this year with Delhi-NCR being the hotspot, according to a new analysis by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE). North India emerged as the most-polluted region in the country in summers this year with Delhi-NCR being the hotspot, according to a new analysis by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE). The green think-tank said the average PM2.5 concentration in north India in summers stood at 71 microgram per cubic metre. It was 69 microgram per cubic metre in east India, 54 microgram per cubic metre in west India, and 46 microgram per cubic metre in central India, it said. Northeast India (35 microgram per cubic metre) and South India (31 microgram per cubic metre) were cleaner compared to other regions, it said. In north India, Delhi-NCR was found to be the most-polluted sub-region, with Bhiwadi reporting the highest average PM2.5 concentration of 134 microgram per cubic metre. Manesar reported an average PM2.5 concentration of 119 microgram per cubic metre, Ghaziabad (101 microgram per cubic metre), Delhi (97 microgram per cubic metre), Gurugram (94 microgram per cubic metre) and Noida (80 microgram per cubic metre), it said. PM2.5 summer average of Delhi-NCR region is almost three times the average of the cities in southern India. The CSE used granular real-time data from the Central Pollution Control Board’s portal — Central Control Room for Air Quality Management for the analysis.

Inhabitable homes!

The habitability of housing, rather than just its availability, will be an important factor in the future, given the trends in climate change The summer of 2022 has been the second-hottest since 2010, according to Delhi-based think tank, Centre for Science and Environment (CSE). The winter, monsoon and post-monsoon are also warming up. The mere availability of housing is no longer sufficient in such a scenario. It should also be 'habitable'. Regular heatwaves in previous years have led to abnormal and uncomfortably high daytime night-time temperatures, especially in cities. This happens due to the inability of an urban area to cool down after sunset as it gets flooded with heat exhaust from thousands of air conditioners. The stress of climate change is even worse in the case of housing which is congested. No access to ventilation in the house adds up to the adversity. The same housing space is used for different functions and is shared between multiple members. The unavailability of cooling options and material quality of the housing unit (for example asbestos roofs) further make the occupants more vulnerable. This also directly affects the productivity and health of the household members. Improvising housing conditions also becomes difficult due to the limited availability of capital and resources. The occupants of such housing are usually the urban poor. Chandni Singh, senior researcher at Indian Institute for Human Settlements and a lead author at Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, had told the BBC this summer: "Poor people have fewer resources to cool down as well as fewer options to stay inside, away from the heat." The scope of the human right to adequate housing is guaranteed by Article 11.1 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. It was elaborated by the United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in its General Comment 4 on 'The right to adequate housing.' The Committee established that in order for housing to be adequate, it must, at a minimum, include seven core elements. These are legal security of tenure, availability of services, affordability, habitability, accessibility, location and cultural adequacy. The case of Delhi Some 32.2 per cent of Delhi's population (including both rural and urban) stays in single-room dwellings, according to the Delhi Statistical Handbook 2013. They are followed by 29.6 per cent of those staying in homes with two rooms. The case of Delhi Some 32.2 per cent of Delhi's population (including both rural and urban) stays in single-room dwellings, according to the Delhi Statistical Handbook 2013. They are followed by 29.6 per cent of those staying in homes with two rooms. Since 1990, Delhi has witnessed an urban restructuring through forced eviction and peripheral resettlement of homes and families. After the Emergency, these past few decades have seen the largest rise in such forced evictions. Ayona Dutta, then a senior lecturer in the School of Geography, University of Leeds, had noted in 2013: "With the law on their side, politicians, middle-classes, business investors, and multinational corporations have been largely successful in removing the urban poor from the 'legal' city." Narela and Bawana have turned into holding areas for Delhi's 'illegal' residents who were approved for legal housing as long as they left the city. Eligible' squatters in Delhi used to receive a 25 square metre plot of land with a freehold title in the 1970s and 1980s. They now receive only a 12.5 square metre allotment with a 10-year lease that they cannot sell or pass on to their descendants. Families have got a parcel of land measuring 12 or 18 square metres on lease in resettlement colonies like Sawda Ghewra, Madanpur Khadar and Prayog Vihar, among other places. The size of the plot remains independent of the size of the household. This further increases the congestion. Sudha, a resident of Madanpur Khadar, lives in a single-room house with her two children and husband. She is a domestic worker and her husband works as a loading and unloading worker. They shifted into their current house in 1999, after the demolition of their basti (slum) in Yamuna Pushta. They were allocated a plot of size 12 square metres over which they incrementally built their house. Currently, the house has one room with a toilet built outside. Inside the room, there is a family's double bed, a kitchen slab in one corner and a washing machine tightly fitted between the two. The house has two openings. One is a door and the other is a small opening above it. Sudha is particular about her cooking timings in the afternoon as cooking traps heat in the house which finds no way to escape. She mentioned how cooking during peak afternoon increased the temperature of the room, after which sitting in it was extremely uncomfortable. Hence, deciding hours for cooking and adjusting timings for her work is crucial. During her regular work days, she prefers to cook lunch and breakfast at the same time in the morning before leaving for work. The same room is used by the members in different capacities at different times: For sleeping, watching TV (tucked on one of the four walls), cooking, studying and others. Building houses with independent kitchens and multiple rooms is not possible in these resettlement plots provided by the state. Also, the state doesn't provide any financial incentives to people for building their houses. Incrementally building the housing unit seems to be the only way of moving forward, according to Raghav, a resident of Sawda Ghewra. "When we first came here, there was nothing. The government's bus just left us here on the outskirts. No transport, no water. There was only electricity. We first built the house with bamboo and tarpaulin, later with asbestos and now it is pucca, as you can see," he said. Currently, many households have successfully built two to three floors in Sawda with an increase in income over time. But incremental development of housing takes time, which leaves the population to adjust to the limited space and services. Securing land titles and basic structure becomes more important for the citizens than emphasising the habitability of the space. DTE

Science in daily life: क्या होता हैं जंक फ़ूड और कैसे रहता है महीनों तक फ़ूड सेफ?

जंक फ़ूड वो प्रोसेस्ड फ़ूड होता है जिसमें पोषक तत्वों की कमी होती है तथा फैट, शुगर, कार्बोहाइड्रेट और साल्ट की मात्रा अधिक होती हैI जंक फ़ूड को महीनों तक संरक्षित रखने के लिए प्रिजरवेटिव का इस्तेमाल होता हैI आइये जानें क्या होते हैं जंक फ़ूड? कैसे होता है इनका महीनों तक संरक्षण? और कैसे पहुंचाते हैं शरीर को नुकसान? Science in daily life: आज भागदौड़ की जिन्दगी में लोगों के पास समय की कमी ने जंक फ़ूड के इस्तेमाल को बढ़ा दिया हैI बच्चों से लेकर युवा और वृद्ध भी इस पैक्ड फ़ूड की ओर आकर्षित हो रहे हैं, जिससे दिनोंदिन इसकी मांग बढ़ रही हैI लेकिन क्या आप जानते हैं इन पैक्ड फास्टफूड या जंक फ़ूड को महीनों तक फ्रेश और सुरक्षित रखने के लिए इसमें कौन से कैमिकल और प्रिजरवेटिव इस्तेमाल होते हैं? और ये हमारे शरीर को कितना ज्यादा नुकसान पहुंचता है? आइये जानें जंक फ़ूड के बारे में कुछ महत्वपूर्ण बातें क्या होता है जंक फ़ूड ? भारतीय चिकित्सा अनुसंधान परिषद (ICMR) के अनुसार, जंक फूड प्रोसेस्ड फ़ूड है जिसमें पोषक तत्वों की कमी तथा नमक, चीनी और फैट की मात्रा अधिक होती है। जंक फूड हाई कैलोरी वाले खाद्य पदार्थ होते हैं, जिनको लंबे समय तक सुरक्षित रखने के लिए प्रिजरवेटिव का इस्तेमाल किया जाता हैI इन खाद्य पदार्थों की मांग बढ़ाने के लिए आकर्षक पैकेजिंग और स्वादिष्ट बनाने के लिए विभिन्न रसायनों का इस्तेमाल किया जाता हैI इनमें व्यावसायिक उत्पाद जिनमें नमकीन स्नैक फूड, गम, कैंडी, शक्कर युक्त मिठाइयां, तला हुआ भोजन और मीठे कार्बोनेटेड पेय शामिल हैं, जो बहुत ही कम या बिना पौष्टिक होते हैं, इनमें ज्यादा नमक, शुगर और वसा होती है। सेंटर फॉर साइंस एंड एनवायरनमेंट ने एक अध्ययन में बताया है कि, भारत में बिकने वाले ज्यादातर पैकेज्ड फूड और फास्ट फूड में नमक, शुगर और वसा की बहुत अधिक मात्रा होती है। अध्ययन में कहा गया है कि खाद्य सुरक्षा और मानक प्राधिकरण (FSSAI) द्वारा निर्धारित मानकों की तुलना में इन जंक फ़ूड में साल्ट, शुगर, कार्बोहाइड्रेट और फैट बहुत अधिक मात्रा में पाया गया है। जंक फ़ूड के ज्यादा इस्तेमाल से शरीर में अतिरिक्त वसा, कार्बोहाइड्रेट और शुगर की मात्रा बढ़ जाती है जिससे मोटापा और हृदय सम्बन्धित रोगों का खतरा भी बढ़ जाता है। परिणामस्वरूप बीपी, ओबेसिटी जैसे रोगों के कारण हार्ट अटैक की समस्या भी युवाओं में बढ़ती हैI अध्य्यन में ऐसा भी सामने आया है कि, जंक फूड के अधिक सेवन से मस्तिष्क उसी तरह प्रभावित होता है जैसे नशे की दवाओं का सेवन करने से होता है। कैसे लम्बे समय तक संरक्षित रहते हैं ये फ़ूड ? देश में व्यस्त लाइफ के साथ पैक्ड फ़ूड की डिमांड भी लगातार बढती जा रही है, क्या आप जानते हैं कि, होटल, रेस्टोरेंट और दुकानों में मिलने वाला ये पैक्ड फ़ूड सेहत के लिए कितना हानिकारक है? इन पैक्ड फ़ूड को महीनों तक संरक्षित रखने के लिए विभिन्न तरह के प्रिजरवेटिव का प्रयोग किया जाता है जो हमारे शरीर में पहुँच के स्वास्थ्य को नकारात्मक रूप से प्रभावित करते हैंI प्रिजरवेटिव, खाद्य पदार्थों में, रासायनिक परिवर्तनों, जैसे ऑक्सीकरण या फंगस से खाने को खराब होने से बचाने के लिए, तथा खाने को फ्रेश बनाए रखने के लिए उपयोग किए जाने वाले कई कैमिकल होते हैंI जैसे एंटीमाइकोटिक्स फलों के रस, पनीर, ब्रेड जैसे उत्पादों में फंगस के विकास को रोकते हैं और सूखे फल आदि में सोडियम और कैल्शियम प्रोपियोनेट और सॉर्बिक एसिड का प्रयोग होता है। एंटीऑक्सिडेंट (जैसे, ब्यूटाइलेटेड हाइड्रॉक्सीटोल्यूइन, या बीएचटी) विभिन्न प्रकार के फैट और तेल युक्त खाद्य पदार्थों में ऑक्सीकरण द्वारा उत्पादित बासीपन को रोकने के लिए प्रयोग किये जाते हैं। सोडियम नाइट्रेट का प्रयोग मांस को सड़ने से बचाने के लिए और खाने में बैक्टीरिया के विकास को रोकने के लिए किया जाता हैI वहीँ बेक्ड फ़ूड के संरक्षण के लिए एंटीस्टालिंग एजेंट (जैसे, ग्लाइसेरिल मोनोस्टियरेट) का इस्तेमाल किया जाता है। माना जाता है कि ये पदार्थ स्टार्च से पानी की कमी को रोककर काम करते हैं।

North India is most polluted, Delhi-NCR region a hotspot: Study

Daily peak pollution highest in Bihar cities North India is most polluted with the Delhi-NCR region being a hotspot according to new data. A national assessment by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) has put forth that the Particulate Matter2.5 average in the northern capital region is almost three times the average of cities in southern India. While pollution this summer has been higher than pollution last summer; the highest daily peak of pollution has been recorded in cities of Bihar. It is also interesting to note that it is not the mega cities which are most polluted but smaller cities have become pollution hotspots. Bhiwandi in Rajasthan tops the list. The high level of summer pollution is the result of a combination of pollution from vehicles, industry, power plants, waste burning, and dust sources and wind-blown dust, aggravated by heat and arid conditions. For the study, data from March 1 to May 31 has been considered. Besides the fact that Delhi-NCR is the most polluted, other major findings are that daily peak pollution was the highest in east India, with cities of Bihar recording the highest levels: Summer daily peak PM2.5 levels for east India stood at 168 µg/m³, the highest among all the regions. North India with 142 µg/m³ summer peak was the second worst. West India (106 µg/m³), central India (89 µg/m³), cortheast India (81 µg/m³) and south India (65 µg/m³) also recorded summer peak in excess of 60 µg/m. Within north India, Delhi NCR was found to be most polluted sub-region. The cities of Bihar recorded very high summer PM2.5 averages, with Bihar Sharif reporting the highest summer peak of 285 µg/m³. Katihar (245 µg/m³) and Patna (200 µg/m³) also recorded peak level in excess of 200 µg/m³. Rohtak recorded the highest peak pollution in north India with a 258 µg/m³ daily peak. Another key finding is that north India has recorded a staggering 23 per cent increase in seasonal PM2.5 level compared to the previous summer. Within north India, NCR was the worst performing sub-region with 25.8 per cent increase in seasonal PM2.5 level. Central India registered increase of 15.6 per cent while west India (4.2 per cent) and east India (1.8 per cent) registered increase under five per cent. South India showed no change in the seasonal average but saw a decline of 22 per cent in seasonal peak. Northeast India registered drop in both seasonal average (-12.8 per cent) and seasonal peak (-18.3 per cent). East India was the only region which registered an increase in its seasonal peak compared to last summer. In south India, eight cities show an increasing trend. Kozhikode saw a jump of 76 per cent in summer average and 17 per cent increase in peak. Kochi has the most divergent trend with 55 per cent increase in the summer average but its peak increase by 145 per cent. Other cities with increasing trend in the region are Madikeri, Bengaluru, Puducherry, Amravati, Chikkaballapur, and Thiruvananthapuram. “This analysis identifies the unique patterns of pollution across all regions and puts a spotlight on a large number of towns and cities that do not get policy attention. Summer particulate pollution spikes due to arid conditions, high summer heat and temperature, and more airborne dust particles that travel long distances compounding the problem from local sources,” said Anumita Roychowdhury, executive director, research and advocacy, CSE.