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Ghazipur fire: Tech used in Mumbai may be deployed in Delhi landfill

Delhi environment minister Gopal Rai said teams from the Delhi Pollution Control Committee and corporations will travel to Mumbai to check on the working model of this system. A day after the Ghazipur landfill caught fire for the third time in nearly a month and was doused by firefighters by late Thursday afternoon, Delhi environment minister Gopal Rai announced that the government plans to adopt a technology used in Mumbai to remove gas emitted from landfill sites to reduce the risk of frequent fires. “The gas sucking system built at Mumbai’s dumping site was chosen after consultation with experts from all concerned departments... The biggest cause of fire in landfill sites is the continuous release of methane gas, which not only promotes fire incidents but is also harmful to the atmosphere. With the installation of this gas sucking system, emission of methane gas from the waste can be regulated to an extent,” said Rai, after a high-level meeting with different departments on Thursday. Firefighters said they have already doused the blaze that broke out at Ghazipur landfill by late Thursday afternoon. The minister said teams from the Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC) and corporations will travel to Mumbai to check on the working model of this system. “The departments have also been given orders to conduct regular inspections in order to avoid the outbreak of fires in landfill sites,” he said, adding that the other suggestions included installing gas wells, covering solid waste with around 10cm of soil and sorting waste into six categories. The meeting included experts from The Energy and Resources Institue (TERI), Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), IIT Delhi, IGL, GAIL and officials from the Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC), municipal corporations and environment department. Meanwhile, at the Ghazipur landfill, smoke continued to billow from the garbage mound till Thursday evening, as fire officials said it is expected to be completely controlled by midnight.

Gopal Rai says Delhi govt to study gas sucking system used in Mumbai to curb landfill fires

NEW DELHI: To prevent fires at landfills, Delhi government will study the gas sucking system, which is used in Mumbai, and replicate it in the capital, environment minister Gopal Rai said on Thursday. The minister announced this after chairing a joint meeting with experts from IIT Delhi, TERI, Centre for Science and Environment, IGL, GAIL, Delhi Pollution Control Committee and municipal corporations. The meeting came a day after a massive fire broke out at the Ghazipur landfill, which was the third such incident since March 28 this year. “The gas sucking system built at Mumbai’s dumping site was chosen after consultation with experts from all the departments concerned. Teams from DPCC and civic bodies have been given orders to travel to Mumbai to check on the working model of the system. Officials concerned have also been ordered to regularly inspect landfill sites in Delhi to avoid any fire outbreak,” said Rai. Gopal Rai says Delhi govt to study gas sucking system used in Mumbai to curb landfill fires TNN | Apr 22, 2022, 04.55 AM IST Gopal Rai says Delhi govt to study gas sucking system used in Mumbai to curb landfill fires NEW DELHI: To prevent fires at landfills, Delhi government will study the gas sucking system, which is used in Mumbai, and replicate it in the capital, environment minister Gopal Rai said on Thursday. The minister announced this after chairing a joint meeting with experts from IIT Delhi, TERI, Centre for Science and Environment, IGL, GAIL, Delhi Pollution Control Committee and municipal corporations. The meeting came a day after a massive fire broke out at the Ghazipur landfill, which was the third such incident since March 28 this year. “The gas sucking system built at Mumbai’s dumping site was chosen after consultation with experts from all the departments concerned. Teams from DPCC and civic bodies have been given orders to travel to Mumbai to check on the working model of the system. Officials concerned have also been ordered to regularly inspect landfill sites in Delhi to avoid any fire outbreak,” said Rai. Congratulations! You have successfully cast your vote “The biggest cause of fire at landfill sites is the continuous release of methane gas, which not only promotes fire incidents but is also harmful to the atmosphere. With the installation of this system, emission of methane gas from the waste can be regulated to an extent,” the minister explained. He further added that “several other solutions such as installing gas wells, covering waste with soil, and sorting waste into six categories were also being considered.” Rai said that teams from civic bodies and DPCC have been asked to keep a vigilant eye on any fires that break out at landfills. “These teams will not only monitor landfill sites on a regular basis but also work to avoid future fires,” said the minister. Last year, four incidents of fire took place at the Ghazipur landfill. In 2017, a large part of it broke away, crashing onto a road and killing two people. Commissioned in 1984, the landfill site is spread across 70 acres.

Air pollution has emerged as the second biggest cause of disease in India

India’s national strategy aims to reduce particulate matter emissions by as much as 30% from 2017 levels by 2024. There are currently 95 cities in 23 states and union territories that are classified as non-attainment cities, meaning they do not meet the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. By Dr. Soumitro Chakraborty Over the last two decades, India’s air quality has deteriorated substantially as per the World Health Organization. Since the 1990s, and by 2017, nearly 97% of the country’s population has been exposed to harmful levels of ambient PM2.5. 1 As a result, air pollution-related mortality in India has increased 2.5-fold in the last two decades. Air pollution is currently the second-leading cause of sickness in the country, accounting for 10% of the disease burden. During the Covid lockdown, India’s ambient air quality improved. Averaging across different regions of India, air quality indicated a 30–50% reduction in PM2.5, PM10, CO, and a maximum drop of 40–60% in NO2, with significant regional variability. Air pollution is predicted to grow again now that all restrictions have been lifted. Slow progress in tackling pollution risks adding to premature deaths of citizens. This extends pressure on the nation’s economy from higher health expenditure and productivity losses. The India State-Level Disease Burden Initiative by the Public Health Foundation of India, published a scientific paper in December 2020 on the health and economic impact of air pollution in Lancet Planetary Health, documenting that the economic loss due to lost output from premature deaths and morbidity from air pollution was 1.4% of the GDP in India in 2019, equivalent to INR 260,000 crores (US$ 36.8 billion). COVID-19 and Air Pollution To prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus, India enforced a state-wide shutdown beginning March 25, 2020. Except for essential services, all transportation services (road, air, and rail), schools, colleges, industrial operations, hotels, restaurants, shopping malls, and markets were suspended during the lockdown. The Central Pollution Control Board’s real-time National Air Quality Index (NAQI) and preliminary assessment of the NAQI revealed that air pollution in India had significantly decreased during the nationwide lockdown. However, since the opening of lockdown restrictions, the air quality has deteriorated. Adding to the already harrowing situation is the scientific evidence where researchers have established a link between exposure to polluted air and COVID-19. As per Centre for Science and Environment in Delhi, Indian cities stand vulnerable to COVID-19 owing to long term exposure to bad quality air. According to a paper, ‘Regional and global contributions of air pollution to risk of death from COVID-19’ published in the journal Cardiovascular Research, chronic exposure to particulate matter in air is directly linked to an average 15% of COVID-19 related deaths globally. The fight against air pollution India’s national strategy aims to reduce particulate matter emissions by as much as 30% from 2017 levels by 2024. There are currently 95 cities in 23 states and union territories that are classified as non-attainment cities, meaning they do not meet the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. The government plans to develop city-specific action plans in these regions through which the National Clean Air Program (NCAP) will be implemented. With city-level Clean Air Plans (CAPs) targeted at reducing ambient Particulate Matter (PM) concentrations, the new mission, in conjunction with the National Clean Air Program (NCAP), is operating in 132 Indian cities. Ambitious steps to execute pollution control methods that limit pollution under the CAPs can enable India’s fight against harmful air pollution and climate change and can provide revolutionary and long-term improvements for public health. The National Electric Mobility Mission Plan, the Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and EV (FAME) plan, the vehicle scrappage policy, and charging infrastructure projects, among others, have all been implemented by the Indian government to promote cleaner automobiles. Several Indian states have enacted rules encouraging the use of Electric Vehicles (EVs). However, as proven by experiences in China, the United States, and other parts of the world, an extensive, accessible public charging infrastructure network is required to maintain a healthy EV market. As per The Natural Resources Defense Council, a United States-based 501 non-profit international environmental advocacy group and based on an analysis done by the Government of India, EV sales in India would need to reach 30% for private cars, 70% for commercial automobiles (such as delivery vehicles, fleets, and taxis), 40% for buses, and 80% for two and three-wheelers by 2030 to meet the government’s electric mobility goals. CSR initiatives are the key The private sector can play an instrumental role through its CSR efforts to address the deteriorating air quality and assist in the fight against air pollution in India. Some businesses are attempting to address the environmental concern by converting rice straws – a harvesting leftover that contributes significantly to air pollution when burned – into raw material as part of a sustainably responsible endeavour. Corporations operating in the crop-burning zones can work with farm producer organisations to collect crop leftovers by purchasing agro-waste and using it as biomass fuel for manufacturing activities. Corporations can reduce their carbon footprint by adopting clean energy. Increased adoption of solar energy-related infrastructure can address the twin concerns of air pollution and climate change. Businesses can successfully address the interconnected concerns of air pollution and climate change. For example, Cummins India Limited started the “Creating Oxygen Hubs” drive-in Pune, Maharashtra, as a major CSR initiative to enhance air quality. Cummins worked with a variety of NGOs, civic agencies, Maharashtra’s forest, and defence departments, and local volunteers to plant over 35,000 trees in the city over several phases. The primary objective of new-age enterprises must be to promote sustainability. More public-private partnerships are needed now more than ever to use the experience of both sectors. The business and public sectors can work together to develop solutions that will help reduce pollution to a manageable level. Changes at the policy level are also required for sustainable growth in order to meet our COP26 pledge.

6 Female Scientists We’re Thankful For On Earth Day

Scientific research might be considered a male-dominated arena, but it’s time to recognise that there are plenty of female pioneers to celebrate. Strong women who identified a niche or subject that was ripe for further exploration have led the charge for progress for centuries. This Earth Day, we take a closer look at six of the most inspiring. The following scientific powerhouses have made leaps in their respective fields and brought global attention to some of the most important environmental issues facing humanity. 1. Dr Jane Goodall Scientific niche: Primatology and anthropology. Goodall is globally regarded as the foremost expert on chimpanzees. Seminal work: Research conducted at the Gombe Stream National Park in Tanzania that disproved theories that only humans can work with tools and that chimpanzees are vegetarian. The research project would lead to her gaining a Cambridge University PhD, without first completing a bachelor’s qualification. In 1977, Goodall initiated the Jane Goodall Institute, a global organisation designed to support chimpanzee protection. It has become highly regarded for its conservation work in Africa. A number of rehabilitation, research and education centres have since followed. The woman behind the white coat: Goodall grew up as an animal lover, following the gift of a stuffed chimpanzee, called Jubilee, from her father. She credits the figure as awakening her fascination with primates and, eventually, her move to Africa. An activist, vegetarian, Dame, and supporter of cultivated meat as a solution to animal agriculture, she remains an influential figure now in her late 80s. Some of us would still like to be Jane Goodall when we grow up. 2. Dr Sylvia Earle Scientific niche: Marine biology. Earle has been a National Geographic explorer-in-residence since 1998. Seminal work: In 1970, Earle led an all-female team of aquanauts in a research project that saw them submerged in an installation, below the sea, for weeks. She had been rejected for the Tektite Project one year earlier but was asked to lead the subsequent Tektite II. the research studied underwater effects on humans, with a focus on diving impact. In 1979, Earle set a world record for the deepest untethered diving suit dive, reaching 381 metres. This remains unbeaten today. Part of the founding team of Deep Ocean Engineering, Earle left in 1990 to take up position as chief scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. She was the first woman to be given the role and advised on oil spill impact. When she left, she founded Deep Ocean Exploration and Research, to return to her roots in marine engineering. Her daughter has since taken the reins. Earle is now a National Geographic explorer-in-residence and a regularly called-upon expert in the field of marine sustainability. In 2009 she was awarded the $1,000,000 TED prize, which she used to pursue ocean advocacy. The woman behind the white coat: Vegetarian Earle is sometimes referred to as “Her Deepness” or “The Sturgeon General” by her peers. She has remained on numerous committees and boards designed to protect ocean habitats and was a featured expert in Netflix’s documentary Seaspiracy. 3. Dr Katherine Hayhoe Scientific niche: Atmospheric science. Seminal work: Authoring more than 120 peer-reviewed research papers, alongside co-authoring a number of reports that have brought climate change into modern discourse. Her work for the National Climate Assessment report in 2014 led to her declaring that “Climate change is here and now, and not in some distant time or place. The choices we’re making today will have a significant impact on our future.” Contributing to the IPCC report, Hayhoe was named as one of the UN’s Champions of the Earth in 2019. Her work has identified her as a leading expert and communicator on climate action. This in turn has resulted in her being an outspoken critic of climate deniers. The New York Times published a quote from her that made her feelings clear: “The six stages of climate denial are: It’s not real. It’s not us. It’s not that bad. It’s too expensive to fix. Aha, here’s a great solution (that actually does nothing). And – oh no! Now it’s too late. You really should have warned us earlier.” Today, Hayhoe is a professor of political science at Texas Tech University, alongside being director of the Climate Service Center. She has remained in position as CEO of ATMOS Research and Consulting and last year joined Nature Conservancy as its chief scientist. The woman behind the white coat: Hayhoe has juggled evangelical Christian beliefs with a career in science, citing her father as inspiration for the two being able to co-exist. She was invited to the White House when Barack Obama was President and spoke alongside Leonardo DiCaprio on the subject of climate action. 4. Dr Kimberley Miner Scientific niche: Climate science. Seminal work: Miner joined NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) following a stint at the U.S. Department of Defense. She had collaborated with JPL as part of her former role and made the permanent move to focus her efforts on earth science endeavours. Her current research project is based in the Arctic. The team recently published an article that highlighted the increasing risk of thawing permafrost, as a result of climate change. Regarded globally as an important voice within the scientific community, Miner’s research has spanned new heights. Literally. Having reached the summit of Everest, a feat that gained her and her team a Guinness World Record, she revealed a compelling fact: pollutants and chemicals were present. Harmful PFAs were identified at such alarming levels that Miner conducted the tests three times, to be sure. Miner has been explicit in her support of rewilding as a potential climate solution. Her work to generate more nature preserves and reintroduce native plants across a variety of ecosystems is ongoing, alongside her Arctic research. She is a professor at the University of Maine as well. The woman behind the white coat: When she isn’t climbing Everest or hunkering down at the Arctic, Miner is a fierce champion for women and girls in STEM. having received supportive mentorship early in her education and career, she is keen to pay it forward by breaking down gender stereotypes in the scientific community. 5. Dr Paola Arias Scientific niche: Earth and atmospheric sciences plus geological sciences. Seminal work: Arias looks at climate change and hydroclimate modelling in South America. She has two master’s degrees plus a doctorate. The latter came from her research into climate variability in monsoon and Amazonian regions. Her observations and understanding of water systems led to her being invited to co-author a chapter of the latest IPCC report. Arias is a professor at the University of Antioquia, where she heads the Environmental School. Outside from her educational demands, she is a regular guest speaker and expert voice regarding climate and hydrological change and their links to South America. The 2019 TEDxBogotaMujeres event hosted her as a scientific expert. The woman behind the white coat: Arias is the first Colombian woman to ever be invited to contribute to an IPCC report. She represents not only females in science, but also LATAM expertise. 6. Sunita Narain Scientific niche: Environmentalism. Seminal work: Narain started working at the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) in 1982. Having completed her studies at the University of Delhi, learning remotely while still in position, she co-edited the State of India’s Environmental Report in 1985. This led to in-depth studies into forest management systems and natural resource allocation. This would prove to be the foundation for specialising in identifying links between environment and development, within sustainable frameworks. In 2012, Narain wrote the 7th State of India’s Environment Reports, Excreta Matters, which looked at India’s water supply and pollution levels in urban areas. Still working for the CSE, she has masterminded numerous research projects surrounding domestic and global environmental concerns. A prominent paper revealed high pesticide levels found in American soft drinks, including Pepsi and Coke. A leading expert on water harvesting, Narain is featured in Before the Flood, a climate documentary also featuring Leonardo DiCaprio. In it, she talked about how the Moonsoon in India has been directly impacted by climate change and the resulting difficulties faced by domestic farmers and food security concerns. 2016 saw Narain declared as one of Time Magazine’s 100 Most Influential People. The woman behind the white coat: A staunch environmentalist, Narain is a keen cyclist. She was hit by a car in 2013 by a driver that failed to stop, resulting in numerous body and face injuries. She remains a cyclist today.

भराव क्षेत्र में मीथेन गैस अवशोषित करने की मुंबई की प्रणाली का अध्ययन करके दिल्ली में लगाया जाएगा: गोपाल राय

दिल्ली के पर्यावरण मंत्री गोपाल राय ने बृहस्पतिवार को कहा कि दिल्ली सरकार सड़ रहे कचरे से निकलने वाली मीथेन को अवशोषित करने के लिए मुंबई में स्थापित एक प्रणाली का अध्ययन करेगी और इसे राजधानी में लगाएगी ताकि भराव क्षेत्र (लैंडफिल) में आग लगने की घटना से बचा जा सके। यह निर्णय भराव क्षेत्र (लैंडफिल साइट) पर आग लगने की समस्या का तकनीकी समाधान खोजने के लिए सेंटर फॉर साइंस एंड एनवायरनमेंट, द एनर्जी एंड रिसोर्सेज इंस्टीट्यूट और आईआईटी-दिल्ली के विशेषज्ञों की एक बैठक में लिया गया। यह बैठक गाजीपुर भराव क्षेत्र में भीषण आग लगने के एक दिन बाद हुई। यह इस साल 28 मार्च के बाद से इस तरह की तीसरी घटना है जिससे आसमान में काला धुआं छा गया और आसपास के इलाकों में प्रदूषण बढ़ गया। राय ने कहा, ‘‘हमने दिल्ली प्रदूषण नियंत्रण समिति (डीपीसीसी) और पूर्वी दिल्ली नगर निगम (ईडीएमसी) को मुंबई में स्थापित प्रणाली का अध्ययन करने के लिए कहा है जो भराव क्षेत्र से उत्पन्न मीथेन को अवशोषित कर सकती है। अधिकारियों को इसे जल्द ही दिल्ली में लागू करने के लिए कहा गया है ताकि आग लगने की घटनाओं को रोका जा सके।’’ भराव क्षेत्र में डाले जाने वाले गीले कचरे के सड़ने पर उससे मीथेन गैस निकलती है। गर्मी के मौसम में मीथेन में खुद ही आग लग जाती है और यह आग कपड़ा और प्लास्टिक जैसी जलने वाली चीजों में फैल जाता है। पिछले साल, अधिकारियों ने गाजीपुर भराव क्षेत्र में आग लगने की चार घटनाओं की सूचना दी थी। 2017 में, इसका एक बड़ा हिस्सा टूट गया था और एक सड़क पर गिर गया था जिसमें दो लोगों की मौत हो गई थी। 1984 में शुरू किया गया गाजीपुर भराव क्षेत्र 70 एकड़ में फैला हुआ है। 2019 में यहां कचरे की ऊंचाई बढ़कर 65 मीटर हो गई थी। दिल्ली प्रदूषण नियंत्रण समिति ने 28 मार्च को वहां आग लगने के बाद ईडीएमसी पर 50 लाख रुपये का जुर्माना लगाया था।

FSSAI playing with health of Indian public https://www.thehansindia.com/editors-desk/fssai-playing-with-health-of-indian-public-739018

Experts from public health, medical fraternity and consumer groups gathered to discuss the issue of front-of-pack labelling (FOPL) on packaged junk foods at the three-day ‘National Conclave on Sustainable Food Systems’ which was organised by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) at Rajasthan recently. Experts from public health, medical fraternity and consumer groups gathered to discuss the issue of front-of-pack labelling (FOPL) on packaged junk foods at the three-day 'National Conclave on Sustainable Food Systems' which was organised by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) at Rajasthan recently. They advised against Health Star Ratings on packaged junk foods as they are misleading and can do more harm than good to the consumer. "India can't afford the epidemic of obesity and non-communicable diseases. It is time, the Indian consumer is warned about how bad and unhealthy is junk food", said Sunita Narain, Director General, Centre for Science and Environment, while leading the expert deliberation on the 'Need for front-of-pack warning labels on ultra-processed junk foods'. Health Star Ratings are designed by the powerful food industry to mislead the consumer. By pushing these, Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) will give license to glorify junk foods, which is the opposite of what should be done. Front-of-pack labelling on packaged foods was first recommended by an FSSAI-led committee formed in 2013. CSE was part of this committee.

Ghazipur landfill burns for 3rd time in a month

Several residents of the nearby Mulla colony, located about 500 metres away from the landfill, and those residing in several housing societies around the massive mountain of garbage, complained of difficulty in breathing and itching in the eyes. A massive fire spread through a section of the Ghazipur landfill in east Delhi -- the third such incident since March 28 this year -- on Wednesday, sending a dense plume of smoke several metres into the sky and causing a toxic haze around the area, police and fire department officials said. Several residents of the nearby Mulla colony, located about 500 metres away from the landfill, and those residing in several housing societies around the massive mountain of garbage, complained of difficulty in breathing and itching in the eyes. Atul Garg, director, Delhi Fire Services (DFS), said, “We have started the fire fighting operation. There are eight fire tenders working at the site. We have brought earth movers to remove the mound at some areas on the landfill and reach the fire spot. But because of poor light after sunset, it is difficult to reach there. The fire must have started because of the high temperature in the city. The gases at the landfill causes auto combustion.” Shyam Sunder Aggarwal, mayor of the East Delhi Municipal Corporation which manages the landfill, said the fire was brought under control at a large portion of the waste site, but the operation was still going on till late Wednesday evening. “We are doing everything possible to control the fire today. The fire will be controlled in one or two hours,” he added. Officials at the spot said it will take them several hours to douse the fire. Police and fire department officials said they will probe the cause of the fire, but added that it could have been triggered by the high day day temperature that might have ignited the flammable gases generated by the waste. Experts also said that high levels of methane at the landfill, aided by high temperature, may have caused the fire. On Wednesday, Delhi’s maximum temperature was recorded at 41.2 degrees Celsius. It was as high as 44.3 degrees Celsius at the Yamuna Sports Complex station -- the nearest located to the landfill. Last month, a huge portion of the landfill went up in the flames on March 28, and the fire raged for almost three days. A week later, there was another fire on April 9. Till late Wednesday evening, the dark smoke at the landfill was visible from the Delhi-Meerut Expressway and nearby areas. Israr Ahmed,33, who runs a small hardware shop at Mulla colony, said, “If the winds are strong, the smoke reaches our shops and it becomes impossible to sit and work. In such a case, people shut their shop for the day and head home, often staying indoors, until there is some improvement.” Atin Biswas, programme director, Municipal Solid Waste at the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), said, the landfill was catching fire because the authorities may be not following the norms to cut the flow of flammable gases.

Give ‘warning’ label, not health star rating on junk food packs: experts to FSSAI

Health star rating is a labelling system that grades packaged foods on the scale of one to five stars. The government should issue a ‘warning’ label on packaged junk foods instead of health star ratings as they are misleading and doing more harm to customers than good, health experts said on Wednesday. Health star rating is a labelling system that grades packaged foods on the scale of one to five stars. If the government is serious about the epidemic of obesity and non-communicable diseases, the consumer needs to be cautioned about junk foods through ‘warning’ labels, public health experts gathered at the National Conclave on Sustainable Food Systems’, organized by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) in Nimli, Rajasthan, said. Health star ratings are designed by the powerful food industry to mislead the consumer. By pushing these, the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) will give license to glorify junk foods, which is the opposite of what should be done, Sunita Narain, director general, CSE, said while leading the expert deliberation on the Need for front-of-pack warning labels on ultra-processed junk foods’. The deliberations included about 50 experts from across the country, including Amit Khurana, programme director, Sustainable Food Systems, CSE; George Cheriyan, director, CUTS International, Rajasthan; Vandana Prasad, community pediatrician, Public Health Resource Network, Delhi; and Sanjay Pandey, lead advisor, Global Health Advocacy Incubator, India. Front-of-pack labelling on packaged foods was first recommended by an the FSSAI-led committee formed in 2013. CSE was part of this committee. FSSAI then came up with a draft regulation in 2018, which had strict thresholds limits to know unhealthy levels based on those developed by the WHO for countries like India in the South-East Asia Region. ADVERTISEMENT CONTINUE READING BELOW Due to industry pressure, FSSAI came up with another draft in 2019. The food industry was still not pleased and this draft was repealed. From January-June 2021, stakeholder consultations were held on the labelling design to be adopted, thresholds to made applicable and nutrients to be displayed. CSE has documented all delays and dilutions until June 2021, the organisation alleged in a statement. The latest consultation took place in February during which it was made clear that FSSAI plans to go ahead with the ‘Health Star Rating’. The sole objective of the stakeholder consultations, which were heavily dominated by the packaged food industry, was to come up with a labelling system, which is industry-friendly, said Khurana, who was part of these consultations, adding that all this while, FSSAI has been insensitive to the information needs of the consumer . He alleged that the statutory body also ignored the global best practices and evidence around it. Instead, in an orchestrated way, through the scientific panel and commissioned studies, it is now getting ready to adopt a labelling system which is considered least effective and rejected across the world, he said. Health star ratings are depicted based on an algorithm at the back-end, which is not known to consumers, CSE said, adding that it is only adopted voluntarily in few countries such as Australia and New Zealand and only some food products carry it. It has been rejected in several other countries as it can mislead the consumer and be easily manipulated by the industry, the CSE said. The proven best practice in front-of-pack labelling is nutrient specific ‘warning’ labels, experts said. They have been simple and effective in discouraging junk food consumption. Several Latin American countries, Canada and Israel have already adopted warning labels. Many other countries are considering them. Among them, the best known are symbol-based warning labels such as that of Israel. These will be most suitable for India, as it would transcend the literature and language barriers, the CSE said. We have submitted our concerns to FSSAI. It can’t allow a system that will effectively nudge the consumer to make unhealthy choices. It will mislead the consumer because of its design, algorithm and inclusion of positive nutrients in the calculation. It can’t allow relaxed limits and voluntary adoption, Narain said.

Give ‘warning’ label, not health star rating, on junk food packages: Experts to FSSAI

The government should issue a ‘warning’ label on packaged junk foods instead of health star ratings as they are misleading and doing more harm to customers than good, health experts said on Wednesday. Health star rating is a labelling system that grades packaged foods on the scale of one to five stars. If the government is serious about the “epidemic” of obesity and non-communicable diseases, the consumer needs to be cautioned about junk foods through ‘warning’ labels, public health experts gathered at the ‘National Conclave on Sustainable Food Systems’, organized by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) in Nimli, Rajasthan, said. “Health star ratings are designed by the powerful food industry to mislead the consumer. By pushing these, the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) will give license to glorify junk foods, which is the opposite of what should be done,” Sunita Narain, director general, CSE, said while leading the expert deliberation on the ‘Need for front-of-pack warning labels on ultra-processed junk foods’. The deliberations included about 50 experts from across the country, including Amit Khurana, programme director, Sustainable Food Systems, CSE; George Cheriyan, director, CUTS International, Rajasthan; Vandana Prasad, community pediatrician, Public Health Resource Network, Delhi; and Sanjay Pandey, lead advisor, Global Health Advocacy Incubator, India. Front-of-pack labelling on packaged foods was first recommended by an the FSSAI-led committee formed in 2013. “CSE was part of this committee. FSSAI then came up with a draft regulation in 2018, which had strict thresholds ndash; limits to know unhealthy levels ndash; based on those developed by the WHO for countries like India in the South-East Asia Region. “Due to industry pressure, FSSAI came up with another draft in 2019. The food industry was still not pleased and this draft was repealed. From January-June 2021, stakeholder consultations were held on the labelling design to be adopted, thresholds to made applicable and nutrients to be displayed. CSE has documented all delays and dilutions until June 2021,” the organisation alleged in a statement. The latest consultation took place in February during which it was made clear that FSSAI plans to go ahead with the ‘Health Star Rating’. “The sole objective of the stakeholder consultations, which were heavily dominated by the packaged food industry, was to come up with a labelling system, which is industry-friendly,” said Khurana, who was part of these consultations, adding that “all this while, FSSAI has been insensitive to the information needs of the consumer”. He alleged that the statutory body also ignored the global best practices and evidence around it. “Instead, in an orchestrated way, through the scientific panel and commissioned studies, it is now getting ready to adopt a labelling system which is considered least effective and rejected across the world,” he said. Health star ratings are depicted based on an algorithm at the back-end, which is not known to consumers, CSE said, adding that it is only adopted voluntarily in few countries such as Australia and New Zealand and only some food products carry it. It has been rejected in several other countries as it can mislead the consumer and be easily manipulated by the industry, the CSE said. The proven best practice in front-of-pack labelling is nutrient specific ‘warning’ labels, experts said. They have been simple and effective in discouraging junk food consumption. Several Latin American countries, Canada and Israel have already adopted warning labels. Many other countries are considering them. Among them, the best known are symbol-based warning labels such as that of Israel. These will be most suitable for India, as it would transcend the literature and language barriers, the CSE said. “We have submitted our concerns to FSSAI. It can’t allow a system that will effectively nudge the consumer to make unhealthy choices. It will mislead the consumer because of its design, algorithm and inclusion of positive nutrients in the calculation. It can’t allow relaxed limits and voluntary adoption,” Narain said.

Give ‘warning’ label, not health star rating, on junk food packages: Experts to FSSAI

Health star rating is a labelling system that grades packaged foods on the scale of one to five stars The government should issue a ‘warning’ label on packaged junk foods instead of health star ratings as they are misleading and doing more harm to customers than good, health experts said on Wednesday. Health star rating is a labelling system that grades packaged foods on the scale of one to five stars. If the government is serious about the “epidemic” of obesity and non-communicable diseases, the consumer needs to be cautioned about junk foods through ‘warning’ labels, public health experts gathered at the ‘National Conclave on Sustainable Food Systems’, organized by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) in Nimli, Rajasthan, said. “Health star ratings are designed by the powerful food industry to mislead the consumer. By pushing these, the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) will give license to glorify junk foods, which is the opposite of what should be done,” Sunita Narain, director general, CSE, said while leading the expert deliberation on the ‘Need for front-of-pack warning labels on ultra-processed junk foods’. The deliberations included about 50 experts from across the country, including Amit Khurana, programme director, Sustainable Food Systems, CSE; George Cheriyan, director, CUTS International, Rajasthan; Vandana Prasad, community pediatrician, Public Health Resource Network, Delhi; and Sanjay Pandey, lead advisor, Global Health Advocacy Incubator, India. Front-of-pack labelling on packaged foods was first recommended by an the FSSAI-led committee formed in 2013. “CSE was part of this committee. FSSAI then came up with a draft regulation in 2018, which had strict thresholds – limits to know unhealthy levels – based on those developed by the WHO for countries like India in the South-East Asia Region. “Due to industry pressure, FSSAI came up with another draft in 2019. The food industry was still not pleased and this draft was repealed. From January-June 2021, stakeholder consultations were held on the labelling design to be adopted, thresholds to made applicable and nutrients to be displayed. CSE has documented all delays and dilutions until June 2021,” the organisation alleged in a statement. The latest consultation took place in February during which it was made clear that FSSAI plans to go ahead with the ‘Health Star Rating’. “The sole objective of the stakeholder consultations, which were heavily dominated by the packaged food industry, was to come up with a labelling system, which is industry-friendly,” said Khurana, who was part of these consultations, adding that “all this while, FSSAI has been insensitive to the information needs of the consumer”. He alleged that the statutory body also ignored the global best practices and evidence around it. “Instead, in an orchestrated way, through the scientific panel and commissioned studies, it is now getting ready to adopt a labelling system which is considered least effective and rejected across the world,” he said. Health star ratings are depicted based on an algorithm at the back-end, which is not known to consumers, CSE said, adding that it is only adopted voluntarily in few countries such as Australia and New Zealand and only some food products carry it. It has been rejected in several other countries as it can mislead the consumer and be easily manipulated by the industry, the CSE said. The proven best practice in front-of-pack labelling is nutrient specific ‘warning’ labels, experts said. They have been simple and effective in discouraging junk food consumption. Several Latin American countries, Canada and Israel have already adopted warning labels. Many other countries are considering them. Among them, the best known are symbol-based warning labels such as that of Israel. These will be most suitable for India, as it would transcend the literature and language barriers, the CSE said. “We have submitted our concerns to FSSAI. It can’t allow a system that will effectively nudge the consumer to make unhealthy choices. It will mislead the consumer because of its design, algorithm and inclusion of positive nutrients in the calculation. It can’t allow relaxed limits and voluntary adoption,” Narain said.

No rights, no dignity, no safety for Delhi cyclists, only the “tyranny of motorists”

The Delhi administration is finally realising the usefulness of the humble cycle. Not only as a much needed commute alternative, but also as a tool to combat Delhi’s perennial poor air quality. Recently, vendors, factory workers, daily wage labourers and other workers who cycle daily to work joined forces to urge the Delhi government to fast track moves to create safe cycling infrastructure and dedicated cycle lanes. The Delhi government reacted by saying it will develop dedicated cycle tracks across the national capital, especially on stretches that are most used by cyclists. “The roads are very bad and there are no separate cycle tracks but we need to cycle to earn our livelihood,” said Satnam Singh, who has been selling incense sticks and other pooja items from his cycle for the last 20 years. With about 10 million vehicles jostling for space on the roads, on an average two cyclists lose their lives every week, according to a study by the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE). Many cyclists prefer to travel in groups to fight what they call the “tyranny of motorists”, and demand their share of road space. It is not unusual to see such groups commuting to work so they can help each other if they run into trouble. Karan, 17, a 12th class student in a government school in East Delhi, uses his cycle to deliver a local newspaper brought out in East Delhi called “Mayur Infomail,” before cycling to school. “The cycle is the cheapest mode for me though it is risky as traffic is heavy,” says Karan. No support for cyclists A study released by The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) in January 2019 estimated that if bicycles were to substitute the two- and four-wheelers used for short-distance trips, “it can result in an annual benefit of Rs 1.8 trillion”. The reality is that nothing has been done in Delhi to support cycling. “There is a cycling lane in South Delhi but it is more in the nature of a beautification project and whatever cycling lanes are there have been barricaded by the police,” said Avikal Somvanshi, architect and Programme Manager, Sustainable Development, Centre for Science and Environment. “There is a sizeable population of cyclists, mostly blue collared workers, but they have no rights on the road nor any dignity,” adds Avikal. “And the way cycle tracks are being developed with focus on south Delhi, it seems the government wants to cater to the rich ignoring the poor for whom the cycle is the main mode of transport”. “Although approximately 35% of Delhi’s population of Delhi owns cycles, only around 4.5% use them for commuting due to lack of safe cycling facilities or cycle-parking facilities,” said Karuna Raina, Director, Public Policy, of SAVELIFE Foundation (SLF), an independent, non-profit, non-governmental organization committed to improving road safety with on-ground interventions and advocacy for stronger national level policies to create a sustainable impact. “The lack of specific infrastructure features to ensure a safe journey like cycle lanes, leaves cyclists vulnerable to impact and injury. Fatalities among cyclists has increased from 36 in 2019 to 48 in 2020,” adds Karuna. Preventing fatalities Karuna said the Delhi Government has taken steps to augment safety of cyclists and prevent road fatalities and injuries involving cyclists. “The Delhi government is currently working on redesign of 540 km of city roads, and about 30 kms of bicycle tracks to be made on it,” said Karuna. The Delhi Development Authority (DDA) is constructing a 16-km dedicated cycling corridor and an 800m stretch on Ring Road will include a bicycle track. The government has also undertaken a project in partnership with SaveLIFE Foundation to transform four high-fatality intersections — Bhalswa Chowk, Burari Chowk, Gandhivihar bus station intersection, and Rajghat intersection into pedestrian and cyclist friendly zones. Titled “Tactical Urbanism”, this involves a temporary redesign to reallocate road space for the safety of pedestrians, cyclists, and non-motorised transport and reduce their exposure to motorised traffic. “However, the creation of new cycle paths needs to be clubbed with strict enforcement,” cautions Karuna. “Further, there should be clear signage to indicate the beginning and the end of a cycle path. Finally, awareness campaigns through the radio/advertisements should be conducted to make road users aware of proper usage of the dedicated cycle paths”. It is not that Delhi does not have cycle tracks at present. The city roads at several corridors have dedicated tracks. “But these are encroached by street vendors or in poor condition,” said a senior Delhi government official. Anil Kumar who works as a driver has been commuting to his place of work by cycle for the last 15 years. A resident of East Delhi colony Trilokpuri, Kumar, being a car driver, feels doubly concerned about the traffic on the roads where the cyclist is always in danger of being hit by a fast moving vehicle. “There is a need for a separate track for cyclists but until that is made, we are always in danger of being hit anytime”. “It is a matter of concern that Delhi has still not been able to wake up to the mobility crisis faced by pedestrian and cyclists in Delhi,” says Rajendra Ravi, Member of Sustainable Urban Mobility Network India (SUMNET), World Car-free Network and National Cyclist Union, Delhi. “For urban citizens, cycling provides access to livelihood and becomes a means to livelihood. Protecting means of livelihoods of 80% low-income working class who cycle nearly 10 kilometres to earn their livelihood should definitely be a government concern.” Committed to bring back sustainable mobility options to cities, like walking and cycling, Sarika Panda Bhatt, co-founder of Raahgiri Day said, “Riding a cycle in Delhi is not only difficult but extremely unsafe, especially in the absence of laws protecting vulnerable road users”. Delhi roads not designed for cyclists Design for non-motorised commuters According to a trend report, many people take up cycling as a hobby, but quickly discontinue as they feel demotivated after jostling for a secure space on the roads with buses, trucks and other vehicles. “We demand that the state ensures that non-motorised transport road users are prioritised in street design rather than motorised road users,” says Sarika. A 16 page “Survey of Livelihood Cyclists in Delhi – opportunities and challenges,” conducted by CEED (Centre for Environment and Energy Development) along with Purpose and ASAR called “Cycle Chalega, Dilli Badhegi,” found that 97% of respondents out of nearly 1400 people are willing to use cycles as a mode of daily transport. The survey indicated that lack of safe and convenient cycling infrastructure, absence of dedicated cycling lanes, poor air quality and unruly traffic are deterrents to more Delhi citizens taking up cycling. According to the survey, livelihood cyclists in Delhi feel cycles are the fastest and easiest way to move across the city. Some survey numbers The survey asked people in jobs like postmen, courier service and delivery boys, how many kilometres they had to commute by cycle on a daily basis. About 15% respondents had to travel for more than 10km, 11% travelled 10 to 15km, while 4% did more than 15km. The maximum, 35%, stated covering a distance of 5-10 kms by cycle on a daily basis. A distance of 0-5 km was covered by the remaining respondents (50%). More than half the respondents said they feel unsafe while cycling in heavy traffic. Nearly 47% said they feel upset at the unruly behaviour of other drivers. Around 37% stated that the probability of theft of cycles was a constant worry while another 32% stated that cycling during bad weather conditions was a huge challenge. Lack of proper cycling infrastructure was cited as a challenge by 16% respondents. Maximum respondents who stated feeling unsafe in traffic (58%) and bad behaviour of other drivers (54%) were unskilled workers. Likewise, it was seen that the owners of petty shops and small businesses were the ones most concerned about cycle thefts (46%). Painting a grim picture of the traffic situation in the capital, Vimlendu Jha, Executive Director, Swechha and a leading Indian environmentalist said: “About 91% of Delhi livelihood cyclists use cycles every day to commute, but our roads are not designed for safe walking and cycling. For almost 11 lakh cyclists in Delhi, there is just 100 km of cycle tracks. Cycling in Delhi-student Karan “The cycle is the cheapest mode for me though it is risky as traffic is heavy,” says class 12 student Karan. Pic Sri Krishna “Also, Delhi has been dealing with the air pollution crisis for years now. Delhi’s air pollution problem can’t be solved by traditional means — bicycle infrastructure, last-mile connectivity is a must. Therefore, there is a dire need to strengthen policies to protect pedestrians and their right to walk and cycle in Delhi.” Cycling is increasingly being seen as a sustainable transport alternative and is included in several projects, promising Delhi’s inhabitants green commute choices while considering the requirements and safety of cyclists. According to the 2011 census, about 30.6% of Delhi households own a bicycle, and about 11% of the working population cycles to work. Reiterating that ‘streets belong to all’, Sarika Panda Bhatt, co-founder of Raahgiri Day said, “Delhi has yet to wake up to the mobility crisis and the city needs implementation of pedestrian and cycling plans. I feel that it is our responsibility to stand up for a cause that demands robust laws to protect walkers and cyclists. I myself don’t use a car and move around the city on my cycle. I really hope that soon we will have a legitimate and well-designed space that is walkable and cyclable in and around Delhi.”

Autonomous Train Market : Business overview, Upcoming Trends and Top Company Analysis Forecast 2030

Autonomous Train Market report contains detailed information on factors influencing demand, growth, opportunities, challenges, and restraints. It provides detailed information about the structure and prospects for global and regional industries. In addition, the report includes data on research & development, new product launches, product responses from the global and local markets by leading players. The structured analysis offers a graphical representation and a diagrammatic breakdown of the Autonomous Train Market by region. Autonomous Train Market  Status, Trends and COVID-19 Impact Report 2021, Covid 19 Outbreak Impact research report added by Report Ocean, is an in-depth analysis of market characteristics, size and growth, segmentation, regional and country breakdowns, competitive landscape, market shares, trends, and strategies for this market. It traces the market’s historic and forecast market growth by geography. It places the market within the context of the wider  Autonomous Train Market, and compares it with other markets., market definition, regional market opportunity, sales and revenue by region, manufacturing cost analysis, Industrial Chain, market effect factors analysis, Digital Evidence Management market size forecast, market data & Graphs and Statistics, Tables, Bar &Pie Charts, and many more for business intelligence. Get complete Report (Including Full TOC, 100+ Tables & Figures, and Chart). – In-depth Analysis Pre & Post COVID-19 Market Outbreak Impact Analysis & Situation by Region. Autonomous trains, are driverless trains that are monitored from the control station. Growing traffic congestion around the world, growing pollution level and rise in budget allocation for rail transport are fueling demand for autonomous train. According to Centre for Science and Environment, Chikkaballapur in southern Karnataka witnessed 3.9 per cent increase from 2019 pollution level as compared to 2020. Furthermore, growing government investment and research and development activities are expected to create demand in the market. Request To Download Sample of This Strategic Report:-https://reportocean.com/industry-verticals/sample-request?report_id=bw4823 In 2018, Singapore Land Transport Authority (LTA) purchased 66 six-car train-sets from Bombardier for its North-South and East-West lines. Also, in 2021, Siemens Mobility was awarded a contract to design, install, and commission the first Communications-Based Train Control (CBTC) technology for cross-border link trains between Malaysia and Singapore. However, high cost of train automation and high possibilities of hacking are poised to hinder the growth during forecast period. Asia Pacific is leading the global market in terms of revenue among Asia Pacific, North America, Europe, Latin America, and Rest of the World, and is also expected to witness highest growth rate during forecast period. Growing infrastructural development and rising government funding in transportation sector are creating lucrative demand in Asia Pacific market.

Say 'no' to health star ratings on junk food: Experts

Instead of the 'Health Star Ratings' on junk food, as proposed by the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), which will "mislead the consumers", the Centre for Science & Environment (CSE) on Wednesday demanded that warnings about unhealthy levels of salt, sugar, and fat be featured instead. "Health Star Ratings are designed by the powerful food industry to mislead the consumer. By pushing these, the FSSAI will give license to glorify junk foods, which is the opposite of what should be done. India can't afford the epidemic of obesity and non-communicable diseases. It is time the Indian consumer is warned about how bad and unhealthy junk food is," CSE Director General Sunita Narain said. She was leading the expert deliberation on the aNeed for front-of-pack warning labels on ultra-processed junk foods at Nimli as part of a workshop on food safety and junk food labelling, a statement said here. Front-of-pack labelling on packaged foods was first recommended by an FSSAI-led committee formed in 2013 (CSE was part of this committee). The FSSAI then came up with a draft regulation in 2018, which had strict thresholds - limits to know unhealthy levels - based on those developed by the WHO for countries like India in the South-East Asia Region. "Due to industry pressure, FSSAI came up with another draft in 2019. The food industry was still not pleased and this draft was repealed. From January-June 2021, stakeholder consultations were held on the labelling design to be adopted, thresholds to make applicable and nutrients to be displayed. The latest consultation took place in February 2022, when it was made clear that FSSAI plans to go ahead with the "Health Star Rating'," the CSE statement said. "The sole objective of the stakeholder consultations, which were heavily dominated by the packaged food industry, was to come up with a labelling system, which is industry-friendly," said CSE's Programme Director, Sustainable Food Systems, Amit Khurana. Health Star Rating is a labelling system which includes depiction of 1 to 5 stars on packaged foods. These stars are depicted based on an algorithm at the back-end, which is not known to consumers. "Given all the evidence, if front-of-pack labelling are to cater primarily to public health goals, they must take the form of warning labels and not health star ratings," reiterated Vandana Prasad, a community paediatrician, Public Health Resource Network, Delhi. "We hope the FSSAI will withstand the pressure of food processing companies and meet this requirement urgently."

वैश्विक ऊर्जा शतरंज की बिसात में एक महत्वपूर्ण बदलाव- सुनीता नारायण

सुनीता नारायण। मैं ह्यूस्टन, टेक्सास में आयोजित ऊर्जा व्यवसाय के दिग्गजों और विशेषज्ञों की वार्षिक बैठक में हूं। शायद इस तरह के सभी आयोजनों में सबसे महत्वपूर्ण। केयर वीक जैसा कि इसे कहा जाता है, इस साल कोविड-19 के कारण दो साल के अंतराल के बाद आयोजित किया गया है। यह सबसे बुरा समय है, रूस-यूक्रेन युद्ध अभी छिड़ा हुआ है। प्रतिबंध लगाए गए हैं और ऊर्जा की कीमतें नियंत्रण से बाहर हो रही हैं। जब मैं बैठकर तेल और गैस उत्पादकों को सुनती हूं, तो मुझे एहसास होता है कि मैं वैश्विक ऊर्जा शतरंज की बिसात में एक महत्वपूर्ण बदलाव देख रही हूं। दरअसल युद्ध से पहले और उसके दौरान ऊर्जा की कीमतों में बढ़ोतरी ने पारंपरिक तेल और गैस कंपनियों की भूमिका पर ध्यान केंद्रित किया है। वे युद्ध के बाद के ऊर्जा परिदृश्य में अपनी भूमिका के बारे में उत्साहित हैं, चाहे अधिक तेल और गैस के लिए ड्रिलिंग और पंपिंग हो या फिर यूरोप में आकर्षक नए बाजारों में उनकी भूमिका। मैंने पिछले पखवाड़े इस बारे में फैलाये जा रहे झूठे आख्यान के बारे में लिखा था कि यह मूल्य वृद्धि और व्यवधान जीवाश्म ईंधन से हरित ऊर्जा में परिवर्तन के प्रयासों के कारण है। इस बार मैं प्राकृतिक गैस के मुद्दे पर चर्चा करना चाहती हूं। रूस-यूक्रेन युद्ध ने वैश्विक ऊर्जा वायदा में तरलीकृत प्राकृतिक गैस (एलएनजी) की भूमिका पर प्रकाश डाला है। एलएनजी वहां काम करता है जहां पाइपलाइन नहीं पहुंच सकती, मतलब, वैसी जगहें जहां प्रमुख गैस उत्पादक, कतर और संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका आपूर्ति नहीं कर सकते। उन्होंने गैस को पहले तरलीकृत करने के विकल्प विकसित किए हैं ताकि इसे कंटेनर जहाजों द्वारा ले जाया जा सके और फिर बिजली संयंत्रों या वाहनों या घरों में ऊर्जा उत्पन्न करने के लिए उपयोग के लिए गैसीकृत किया जा सके। युद्ध का मतलब है कि एलएनजी अधिक मांग में है। उदाहरण के लिए अमेरिका के पास इसका प्रचुर भंडार है। इसलिए केयर वीक में बातचीत का विषय यह था कि अमेरिका इस “स्वच्छतर” जीवाश्म ईंधन के उपयोग को बढ़ावा देने के लिए अपने सहयोगियों के साथ कैसे काम कर सकता है। प्राकृतिक गैस कोयले की तुलना में लगभग 50 प्रतिशत कम कार्बन डाइऑक्साइड उत्सर्जित करती है। लेकिन इसमें मीथेन उत्सर्जन की अतिरिक्त समस्या भी है, मुख्य रूप से आग भड़कने और परिवहन और वितरण के दौरान रिसाव से। मीथेन एक अत्यंत शक्तिशाली ग्रीनहाउस गैस है। वातावरण में इसका जीवनकाल तुलनात्मक रूप से कम होता है लेकिन तापमान को बढ़ने के लिए “मजबूर”” करने में इसका योगदान कार्बन डाइऑक्साइड से कहीं ज्यादा होता है। लेकिन बड़े तेल और गैस उद्योगों के लिए यह एक खुशगवार अवसर है। यह उद्योग ऊर्जा संकट के इस अवसर को भुनाना चाहता है और इसलिए इस प्रकार का प्रचार किया जा रहा है। उनका कहना है कि यह “स्वच्छ गैस क्रांति” जिम्मेदारी से की जाएगी। उद्योग मीथेन की मात्रा कम करने की दिशा में निवेश करेंगे । सीओटू उत्सर्जन का उपयोग किया जाएगा या उसे संग्रहीत किया जाएगा। “स्वच्छ” हाइड्रोजन के निर्माण में इस गैस का उपयोग किये जाने की बातें भी हो रही हैं। अक्षय ऊर्जा का उपयोग करके निर्मित हरित हाइड्रोजन के विपरीत, यह हाइड्रोजन “नीला” होगा क्योंकि इसे प्राकृतिक गैस का उपयोग करके उत्पादित किया जाएगा और फिर उत्सर्जन को नियंत्रित और कम किया जाएगा। ऊर्जा की तंगी से जूझ रही सरकारों के लिए यह योजना किसी बच्चे की लोरी से कम नहीं है। इस परिदृश्य में, जलवायु परिवर्तन को ऊर्जा का भविष्य बदले बिना नियंत्रित किया जा सकता है और जो कंपनियां इस व्यवसाय को अच्छे से जानती हैं, वे दुनिया को चलाना जारी रखेंगी। इस तथ्य को भूल जाइए कि अंतर्राष्ट्रीय ऊर्जा एजेंसी ने कहा है कि अगर दुनिया को 2050 में नेट-जीरो के ट्रैक पर बने रहने की जरूरत है तो 2020 के बाद तेल और गैस में नया निवेश नहीं हो सकता है। इससे पहले कि मैं आगे बढ़ूं, मैं भी अपने सारे पत्ते खोल देना चाहती हूं। मेरा मानना है कि दुनिया के हमारे हिस्से के लिए गैस एक महत्वपूर्ण स्वच्छ ईंधन है। हमारे यहां कोयले से दहन से हुए उत्सर्जन के कारण वायु प्रदूषण की एक बड़ी चुनौती है। 1998 में, हमने सेंटर फॉर साइंस एंड एनवायरमेंट (सीएसई) में वाहनों में डीजल के उपयोग को बंद करने के लिए कंप्रेसड प्राकृतिक गैस (सीएनजी) लाने की वकालत की थी। ऐसा हुआ और इससे हवा की गुणवत्ता में सुधार हुआ। अब, हमारे पास देश भर में औद्योगिक बॉयलरों में कोयले का उपयोग किया जा रहा है, जिससे खराब हवा के कारण स्वास्थ्य संबंधी बड़ी समस्याएं पैदा हो रही हैं। विकल्प यह है कि स्वच्छ प्राकृतिक गैस का उपयोग किया जाए या बॉयलरों में बायोमास का उपयोग किया जाए, जिसमें हमारे प्रदूषणकारी कोयला ताप विद्युत संयंत्र भी शामिल हैं। हमें स्वच्छ ईंधन की आवश्यकता है ताकि हम अपने ऊर्जा परिवर्तन को चलाने के लिए स्वच्छ बिजली प्राप्त कर सकें। स्थानीय वायु को साफ करने के लिए बायोमास, नवीकरणीय और प्राकृतिक गैस हमारे सर्वश्रेष्ठ विकल्प है। लेकिन सवाल यह है कि क्या पहले से ही औद्योगिक देशों को इस जीवाश्म ईंधन के उपयोग का “लाभ” मिलना चाहिए? सच्चाई तो यह है कि कार्बन बजट पहले ही कुछ देशों द्वारा अपने विकास के लिए विनियोजित किया जा चुका है। इन देशों को गहरे डीकार्बोनाइजेशन की आवश्यकता है, जिसका अर्थ है नवीकरणीय ऊर्जा और अन्य गैर-जीवाश्म ऊर्जा स्रोतों में परिवर्तन। वे जीवाश्म ईंधन में फिर से निवेश करके इसे स्वच्छ और हरा-भरा नहीं कह सकते हैं। समस्या सिर्फ यह नहीं है कि ये देश जीवाश्म ईंधन के निरंतर उपयोग के कारण कार्बन बजट का अधिक हिस्सा लेंगे। इसका मतलब यह भी है कि ऊर्जा परिवर्तन की कीमत बढ़ जाएगी। पहले से ही एलएनजी को यूरोप जैसे अमीर स्थानों को भेजा जा रहा है। इसका मतलब यह होगा कि भारत जैसे देशों को कोयले के जाल से बाहर निकलना मुश्किल होगा।